Influence of Kamela (Mallotus philippensis) leaves as herbal feed additive on nutrient utilization and performances in growing crossbred calves

A SANTRA; S K DAS; A MANDAL; T K DUTTA

doi:10.56093/ijans.v90i10.111416

Authors

A SANTRA ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani, West Bengal 741 235 India
S K DAS ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani, West Bengal 741 235 India
A MANDAL ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani, West Bengal 741 235 India
T K DUTTA ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani, West Bengal 741 235 India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v90i10.111416

Keywords:

Calves, Feed additive, Mallotus philippensis, Nutrient utilization, Performance

Abstract

This work was undertaken to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of Kamela (Mallotus philippensis) leaf meal as herbal feed additive on nutrients utilization and growth performance of growing crossbred calves. Ten numbers of growing Jersey male cross-bred calves were divided in to two groups (G1 and G2) and were fed individually under stall feeding on a paddy straw based mixed ration (50% paddy straw and 50% concentrate mixture) for 140 days. Two types (C1 and C2) of iso-nitrogenous concentrate mixtures were prepared. Wheat bran in concentrate mixture (C2) of test group (G2) was partially replaced (4 parts w/w) with sun dried ground Mallotus philippensis leaf meal. Experimental calves of test group (G2) fed Mallotus philippensis leaf meal @ 2% of the diet. Daily dry matter intake (g/d) was similar among the calves of two experimental groups. Apparent digestibility of DM, OM, NDF, ADF and cellulose were higher in the Mallotus philippensis leaf meal fed calves (G2). DCP value of the ration was similar while, TDN value of the ration was higher in the calves of Mallotus philippensis leaf meal supplemented group (G2). However, plane of nutrition among the calves of both experimental groups was similar. Average finishing body weight, daily body weight gain, feed conversion efficiency and blood glucose level were higher in Mallotus philippensis leaf fed calves (G2). The results of the study indicated that dietary supplementation Kamela (Mallotus philippensis) leaf meal as herbal feed additive @ 2% of total diet significantly improved the performance in growing male crossbred calves.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Annino J S. 1976. Determination of total proteins and albumins in serum. Clinical Chemistry: Principles and Procedures, 4th ed. Little Braken and Company, Bogoton, pp. 184–188.

AOAC. 2005. Official Methods of Analysis.18th edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Maryland, USA.

Bhatta R, Saravanan M, Baruah L, Malik P K and Sampath K T. 2017. Nutrient composition, rate of fermentation and in vitro rumen methane output from tropical feed stuffs. Journal of Agricultural Science 155: 171–83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859616000642

Cherdthong A, Khonkhaeng B, Foiklang S, Wanapat M, Gunun N, Gunun P, Chanjula P and Polyorach, S. 2019. Effects of supplementation of Piper sarmentosum leaf powder on feed efficiency, rumen ecology and rumen protozoal concentration in Thai native beef cattle. Animals 9: 130. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9040130

Cooper G R and Mc Daniel V. 1970. Determination of glucose by orthotoludine method. Standard Method of Clinical Chemistry. Academic Press, New York, pp. 159. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-609106-9.50021-X

Duncan B B. 1955. Multiple range and multiple F-test. Biometrics 11: 1–42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3001478

Li Y, Guang-Ninga Z, Hong-Jiana X, Shuanga Z, Xiu-Jinga D, Congb L, Xing-Yib Z, Hong-Boc Z and Yong-Gena Z. 2019. Effects of replacing alfalfa hay with Moringa oleifera leaves and peduncles on intake, digestibility, and rumen fermentation in dairy cows. Livestock Science 220: 211–16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2019.01.005

Liu Y, Tao M, Chen D, Zhang N, Si B, Deng K, Tu Y and Diao Q. 2019. Effect of tea saponin supplementation on nutrient digestibility, methanogenesis and ruminal microbial flora in Dorper crossbred ewe. Animals 9: 29–40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9010029

Lotha M. 2015. Evaluation of tree leaves for its effect on rumen fermentation and methanogenesis in vitro. M.V.Sc. Thesis, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal, Haryana, India.

Malik P K, Kolte A P, Baruah L, Saravanan M, Bakshi B and Bhatta R. 2017. Enteric methane mitigation in sheep through leaves of selected tanniniferous tropical tree species. Livestock Science 200: 29–34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2017.04.001

Malik P K, Uyeno Y, Kolte A P, Kumar R, Trivedi S and Bhatta R. 2019. Screening of phyto sources from foothill of Himalayan mountain for livestock methane reduction. SN Applied Sciences 1: 232–40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-0229-6

Meel M S, Sharma T, Dhuria R K, Pal R S and Nehra R. 2015. Influence of Sapindus mukorossi (reetha) as herbal feed additive on rumen fermentation and nutrient digestibility in Rathi calves. Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition 32: 164–67.

NRC. 2001. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle.7th rev. ed. National Research Council, National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.

ICAR. 2013. Nutrient Requirements of Animals—Cattle and Buffalo (ICAR-NIANP). 3rd ed. Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India.

Olafadehan, O A, Njidda A A, Okunade S A, Adewumi M K, Awosanmi K J, Ijanmi T O and Raymond A. 2016. Effects of feeding Ficus polita foliage-based complete rations with varying forage:concentrate ratio on performance and ruminal fermentation in growing goats. Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology 16: 373–82. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-181X.2016.00033.0

Rahamatullah M and Boyde T R C. 1980. Improvements in the determination of urea using diacetyl monoxime methods with and without deproteinization. Clinical Chemistry Acta 107: 3–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(80)90407-6

Santra A, Mondal A, Konar S, Banerjee A, Chatterjee A, Das S K and Ghosh M K. 2013a. Influence of graded replacement of paddy straw with brewer’s spent grain on rumen protozoa, enzyme profile and feed fermentation under in vitro. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 83: 806–10.

Santra A, Konar S, Banerjee A, Chatterjee A and Das S K. 2013b. Effect of sunflower oil supplementation on nutrient utilization and growth performances of crossbred calves. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 83: 67–72.

Singh I, Hundal J S, Wadhwa M W and Lamba J S. 2018. Assessment of potential of some tannins and saponins containing herbs on digestibility of nutrients, fermentation kinetics and enteric methane production under different feeding systems: an in vitro study. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 88: 443–52.

Snedecor G W and Cochran W G. 1994. Statistical Methods. 8th edn. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, USA.

Taku T, Santra A, Barik S, Mandal D K and Das S K. 2019. Assessment of fodder quality and methane production potential of north-eastern Himalayan forest tree leaves. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 89: 90–96.

Van Soest P J, Robertson J B and Lewis B A. 1991. Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre and non-starch polysaccharide in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science 74: 3583–97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2

Velanganni J, Kadamban D and Tangavelou A C. 2011. Phytochemical scrrening and antimicrobial activity of the stem of Mallotus Philippensis. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 3: 160–63.