Fertility of hybrids of dromedary and Bactrian camels: A possible role of conserved architecture of zinc finger domain of recombination regulator PRDM9

SONIKA AHLAWAT; REKHA SHARMA; REENA ARORA; HIMANI SHARMA; RENUKA SEHRAWAT; ANNU SHARMA; KARAN VEER SINGH; RAMESH KUMAR VIJH

doi:10.56093/ijans.v92i12.112968

Authors

SONIKA AHLAWAT ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132 001 India
REKHA SHARMA ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132 001 India
REENA ARORA ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132 001 India
HIMANI SHARMA ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132 001 India
RENUKA SEHRAWAT ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132 001 India
ANNU SHARMA ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132 001 India
KARAN VEER SINGH ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132 001 India
RAMESH KUMAR VIJH ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132 001 India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v92i12.112968

Keywords:

Bactrian, Camel, Dromedary, PRDM9, Recombination, Zinc finger

Abstract

Recombination regulator, PRDM9, has been regarded as the most rapidly evolving gene in the genomes of many metazoans, in addition to being acknowledged as the sole speciation gene in vertebrates. It has become the focus of many scientific investigations because of exceptional numerical and sequence variability in its zinc finger (ZF) domain within and across species that contributes to reproductive isolation between species. This study is the maiden attempt to explore the architecture of PRDM9 ZF domain in two Camelid species (Camelus dromedarius and Camelus bactrianus). Sequence analysis revealed highly conserved domain architecture with presence of 3 and 4 ZFs in dromedary and Bactrian camels, respectively. Typical evolutionary features of PRDM9 ZF domain i.e. concerted evolution and positive selection were invariably absent in both the one-humped dromedary and the two-humped Bactrian camels. Fertility of hybrids of dromedary and Bactrian camels, despite being taxonomically distinct species can be attributed to the lack of sequence variability in PRDM9 in these species. Phylogenetic analysis underpinned clear demarcation of camels from other livestock species. The results of the present study defy what has been learnt so far about PRDM9 and add to the enigma surrounding the most intriguing gene in the genome.

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