Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in Tibetan sheep in alpine zone of North Sikkim, India

PAPRI PAL; B KUMAR; R K AVASTHE; K T BHUTIA; L R CHATLOD

doi:10.56093/ijans.v90i12.113156

Authors

PAPRI PAL ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Sikkim Centre, Tadong Gangtok, Sikkim 737 102 India
B KUMAR ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh
R K AVASTHE Departement of Animal Husbandry Livestock Farming and Veterinary Sciences, Government of Sikkim
K T BHUTIA ICAR-National Research Centre on Meat, Hyderabad, Telangana
L R CHATLOD ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Sikkim Centre, Tadong Gangtok, Sikkim 737 102 India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v90i12.113156

Keywords:

Gastrointestinal parasites, Prevalence, Sikkim, Tibetan sheep

Abstract

Prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites in native Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries), a critically endangered small ruminant of North district of Sikkim, India was studied during July 2014 to June 2015. Of the 213 animals examined, 71 (33.33%) were found positive for different GI parasites. The overall prevalence of different parasites recorded was strongyles (67, 31.46%), coccidia (52, 24.41%), Strongyloides spp. (41, 19.24%), Moniezia spp. (37, 17.37%), Nematodirus spp. (25, 11.73%), amphistomes (12, 5.63%), Dicrocoelium spp. (9, 4.22%) and Trichuris spp. (8, 3.76%). The faecal egg counts (eggs per gram of faeces, epg) of nematodes ranged from 100 to 2700 with higher load during rainy and post rainy seasons. A higher infection rate was recorded in animals above 2 years of age (39.29%) followed by 1 to 2 year (24.14%) while those below 1 year of age showed only 13.33% prevalence and the parasites mostly recorded were Haemonchus spp., Eimeria spp. and Moniezia spp. The seasonal distribution of parasitism indicated a higher percentage of infestation in autumn (44.26%) and summer (37.74%) as compared to spring (31.92%) and winter (17.31%).

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Bhat S A, Mir M U R, Qadir S, Allaie M, Khan H M, Husain I and Sheikh B A. 2012. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infections in sheep of Kashmir valley of India. Veterinary World 5(11): 667–71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5455/vetworld.2012.667-671

Bhat A S, Reshi A A, Mir R M, Husain I, Sheikh B A and Khan H M. 2014. Assessment of prevalence of parasitic infections in sheep reared in Kashmir valley India. Journal of Animal Production Advances 4(5): 416–21.

Bogale, B Melaku, A Chanie, M Fentahun and T Berhanu A. 2014. First report Helminth parasites of Walia Ibex (Capra walie) at Simen Mountains National Park World Heritage Site, Northern Ethiopia. International Journal of Amimal and Veterinary Advances 6(1): 1–4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19026/ijava.6.5608

Dabasa G, Shanko T, Zewdei W, Jilo K, Gurmesa G and Abdela N. 2017. Prevalence of small ruminant gastrointestinal parasites infections and associated risk factors in selected districts of Bale zone, south eastern Ethiopia. Journal of Parasitology and Vector Biology 9: 81–98.

Dappawar M K, Khillare B S, Narladkar B W and Bhangale G N. 2018. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in small ruminants in Udgir area of Marathwada. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 6(4): 672–76.

Eke S S, Omalu I C J, Ochaguba J E, Urama A C, Hasan S C, Otuu C A and Okafor I D. 2019. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of sheep and goats slaughtered in Minna Modern Abattoir, Nigeria state, Nigeria. Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine 4(2): 65–70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2019.131

Gauly M, Schackert M, Hoffmann B and Erhardt G. 2006. Influnce of sex on the resistance of sheep lambs to an experimental Haemonchus contortus infection. Dtsch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr 113: 178–81.

Gizachew A, Fikadu N and Birhanu T. 2014. Prevalence and associated risk factors of major sheep gastrointestinal parasites in and around Bako Town, Western Ethiopia. Livestock Research and Rural Development 26(10): 1–14.

Kanal B, Hassouni T, Elkharrim K and Belghyti D. 2019. A survey of Haemonchus contortus parasite of sheep from Gharb plain, Morocco. Parasite Epidemiology and Control 4(2): e0094. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00094

Kapoor D. 2013. Factors influencing gastrointestinal nematode infections in Gaddi sheep and goats kept in smallholder farming conditions. Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 27(1): 29–30.

Lone B A, Chishti M Z and Ahmad Tak H. 2012. A survey of gastrointestinal helminth parasites of slaughtered sheep and goats in Ganderbal, Kashmir. Global Veterinaria 8(4): 338– 41.

Molla S H and Bandyopadhyay P K. 2013. Prevalence of some gastro-intestinal nematode parasites in economically important Bonpala sheep of Teesta river valley, West Bengal, India.

Proceedings National Conference on Challenges In Biodiversity and Resource Management. pp 150–153.

Molla S H and Bandyopadhyay P K. 2016. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in economically important Bonpala sheep in India. Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences 9(1): 87–93.

Pal P, Chatlod L R, Rahman H and Bandyopadhyay S. 2013. Epidemiology of gastrointestinal nematode infections in yaks in Sikkim, India. Indian Journal of Sciences 83(9): 922–26.

Pal P, Chatlod L R and Avasthe R K. 2014. Gastrointestinal parasites of yaks from Katao Valley in North Sikkim, India. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 84(7): 747–49.

Pal P, Chatlod L R, Avasthe R K, Rahman H and Bandyopadhyay S. 2015. Gastrointestinal parasitic infections in yaks at different farms of humid North-East Himalayan region of Sikkim, India. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 85(4): 373–75.

Pal P, Chatlod L R and Avasthe R K. 2017. Seasonal prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of goats in North-east Himalayan region of Sikkim. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 87(5): 558–61.

Raza M A, Iqbal Z, Jabbar A and Yaseen M. 2007. Point prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthiasis in ruminants in southern Punjab, Pakistan. Journal of Helminthology 81: 323–28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X07818554

Raza M A, Younas M and Schlect E. 2014. Prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthes in Pastoral sheep and goat flock in the Cholistan desert of Pakistan. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences 24(1): 127–34.

Soulsby E J L. 1982. Helminths, Arthropods and Protozoa of Domesticated Animals. 7th Edn. ELBS and Baillire, Tindall, London, 809 pp.

Swarnkar C P and Singh D. 2014. Influence of annual rainfall on epidemiology of gastrointestinal parasites in sheep flocks of Rajasthan. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 84(11): 1171– 76.