Effect of pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) extract on performance, blood constitutes, immunity parameters and intestinal microflora in broiler chickens

BEHROUZ RASOULI; SAJJAD MOVAHHEDKHAH; ALIREZA SEIDAVI; ERWIN PAZ; VITO LAUDADIO; TUGAY AYASAN; VINCENZO TUFARELLI MAIL

doi:10.56093/ijans.v90i12.113202

Authors

BEHROUZ RASOULI Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch, Rasht, Iran
SAJJAD MOVAHHEDKHAH Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
ALIREZA SEIDAVI Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
ERWIN PAZ University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Valenzano, Bari, Italy
VITO LAUDADIO Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Kadirli Academy of Applied Sciences, Osmaniye, Turkey
TUGAY AYASAN Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch, Rasht, Iran
VINCENZO TUFARELLI MAIL Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch, Rasht, Iran

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v90i12.113202

Keywords:

Broiler, Microbiota, Pennyroyal, Performance

Abstract

This study aimed to test the hypothesis that lower levels of pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) extract can improve growth traits, blood constitutes, immunity and microflora in broilers up to 42-days production cycle. A total of 300 broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly distributed into five dietary treatments, with three replicates per treatment (20 birds per replicate) as follows: control group received a basal diet with no pennyroyal supplementation, whereas the treatment-groups fed the basal diet including different pennyroyal levels (100, 200, 300 and 400 ppm, respectively) in drinking water. Feeding of pennyroyal during the whole rearing period partly affected body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of broilers. Pennyroyal extract at different levels significantly lowered blood total cholesterol and triglycerides of birds. Results also showed significantly higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels in pennyroyal-supplemented group. Further, a significant increase of antibody production to total sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and IgM at 42 days of age was observed. Broilers receiving 100 ppm pennyroyal extract had the lowest count of E. coli bacteria in ileum. Overall, based on our findings, supplementing pennyroyal affected positively broiler growth traits, blood parameters and reduced harmful intestinal bacteria.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abdulkarimi R, Mirza Aghazadeh A and Daneshyar M. 2012. Effect of Mentha extract (Mentha piperita) supplementation in drinking water on performance, plasma lipoproteins, carcass charasteristic and liver color index or weight in broiler chickens. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 82(9): 1070.

Aghazadeh A M, Abdolkarimi R and Ashkavand Z. 2011. Effect of dietary thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and mint (Menthe piperita) on some blood parameters of broiler chickens. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology A, 1288.

Agnihotri V K, Agarwal S G, Dhar P L, Thappa R K and Kapahi B K et al. 2005. Essential oil composition of Mentha pulegium L. growing wild in the north western Himalayas India. Flavour and Fragrance Journal 20(6): 607–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1497

Aviagen. 2014. Ross Broiler Management Manual. Aviagen Ltd., Newbridge, UK.

Bombik T, Bombik E, Frankowska A, Trawiñska B and Saba L. 2012. Effect of herbal extracts on some haematological parameters of calves during rearing. Bulletin of Veterinary Institute in Pulawy 56: 655–58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/v10213-012-0115-0

Bowes V A, Julian R J and Stirtzinger T. 1989. Comparison of serum biochemical profiles of male broilers with female broilers and White Leghorn chickens. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research 53(1): 7.

Crowell P L. 1999. Prevention and therapy of cancer by dietary monoterpenes. Journal of Nutrition 129(3): 775–78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/129.3.775S

Dhama K, Latheef S K, Saminathan M, Abdul Samad H, Karthik K, Tiwari R, Khan R U, Alagawany M, Farag M R, Alam G M, Laudadio V and Tufarelli V. 2015. Multiple beneficial applications and modes of action of herbs in poultry health and production—a review. International Journal of Pharmacology 11: 152–76. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/ijp.2015.152.176

Díaz-Maroto M C, Castillo N, Castro-Vázquez L, Ángel González Viñas M and Pérez-Coello M S. 2007. Volatile composition and olfactory profile of pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) plants. Flavour and Fragrance Journal 22(2): 114–18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1766

Ebrahimi A, Santini A, Alise M, Pourhossein P and Miraalami N et al. 2015. Effect of dried citrus sinensis peel on gastrointestinal microbiota and immune system traits of broiler chickens. Italian Journal of Animal Science 14(4): 712–17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2015.4194

Erhan M K, Bölükbasi S C and Ürüsan H. 2012. Biological activities of pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) in broilers. Livestock Science 146(2): 189–92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2012.01.014

Fallah R, Kiani A and Azarfar A. 2013. Effect of artichoke leaves meal and mentha extract on immune cells and blood biochemical parameters of broilers. Global Veterinaria 10: 99– 102.

Geran M P, Irany M and Dehpourjoybari A. 2010. The effect of pennyroyal essential oil on performance of broilers. Proceedings of the 5th Congress of New Idea in Agriculture, pp. 1–3.

Ghalamkari G, Toghyani M, Landy N and Tavalaeian E. 2012. Investigation the effects using different levels of Mentha pulegium L. (pennyroyal) in comparison with an antibiotic growth promoter on performance, carcass traits and immune responses in broiler chickens. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2(3): 1396–99. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(12)60424-9

Goodarzi M and Nanekarani S. 2014. Effects of feeding Mentha pulegium L. as an alternative to antibiotics on performance of broilers. APCBEE Procedia 8: 53–58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.079

Iscan G, Kirimer N, Kürkcüoglu M, Baser H C and Demirci F. 2002. Antimicrobial screening of Mentha piperita essential oils. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 50(14): 3943–46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jf011476k

Khursheed A, Banday M T, Khan A A, Adil S and Ganai A M et al. 2017. Effect of mint leaves with or without enzyme supplementation on blood biochemistry, carcass characteristics and sensory attributes of broiler chicken. Advances in Animal Veterinary Science 5(11): 449–55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.aavs/2017/5.11.449.455

Mahboubi M and Haghi G. 2008. Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of Mentha pulegium L. essential oil. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 119(2): 325–27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2008.07.023

Mahdavi S, Mehmannavaz Y, Nobakht A and Zakeri A. 2013. The effects of different amounts of Mentha pulegium L. on immune system performance of broiler chickens. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Science 4: 381–84.

Nobakht A, Norani J and Safamehr A. 2011. The effects of different amounts of Mentha pulegium L. (pennyroyal) on performance, carcass traits, hematological and blood biochemical parameters of broilers. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 5(16): 3763–68.

Nosrati M, Javandel F, Camacho L M, Khusro A, Cipriano M, Seidavi A and Salem A Z M. 2017. The effects of antibiotic, probiotic, organic acid, vitamin C, and Echinacea purpurea extract on performance, carcass characteristics, blood chemistry, microbiota, and immunity of broiler chickens. Journal of Applied Poultry Research 26(2): 295–306. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/japr/pfw073

Ocak N, Erener G, Ak B F, Sungu M and Altop A et al. 2008. Performance of broilers fed diets supplemented with dry peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) or thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) leaves as growth promoter source. Czech Journal of Animal Science 53(4): 169–75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17221/373-CJAS

Özdogan M and Aksit M. 2003. Effects of feeds containing different fats on carcass and blood parameters of broilers. Journal of Applied Poultry Research 12(3): 251–56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/japr/12.3.251

Saeed S and Tariq P. 2005. Antibacterial activities of Mentha piperita, Pisum sativum and Momordi cacharantia. Pakistan Journal of Botany 37: 997–1001.

Seidavi A R, Asadpour L, Dadashbeiki M and Payan-Carreira R. 2014. Effects of dietary fish oil and green tea powder supplementation on broiler chickens immunity. Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 42(1205): 1–13.

Shabani S, Seidavi A, Asadpour L and Corazzin M. 2015. Effects of physical form of diet and intensity and duration of feed restriction on the growth performance, blood variables, microbial flora, immunity, and carcass and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. Livestock Science 180: 150– 57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2015.07.006

SPSS. 1997. SPSS Base 7.5 for Windows. SPSS, Chicago, IL.