Ultrasonographic features of malignant catarrhal fever induced corneal oedema in cattle

HAKIM ATHAR; JALAL UD DIN PARRAH; ZAHID AMIN KASHOO; SHAKIL AHMAD WANI; HAMIDULLAH MALIK; BASHIR AHMAD MOULVI; DIL MOHAMMED MAKHDOOMI; MEHRAJ U DIN DAR

doi:10.56093/ijans.v91i1.113235

Authors

HAKIM ATHAR Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama, Jammu and Kashmir 190 006 India
JALAL UD DIN PARRAH Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama, Jammu and Kashmir 190 006 India
ZAHID AMIN KASHOO Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama, Jammu and Kashmir 190 006 India
SHAKIL AHMAD WANI Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama, Jammu and Kashmir 190 006 India
HAMIDULLAH MALIK Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama, Jammu and Kashmir 190 006 India
BASHIR AHMAD MOULVI Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama, Jammu and Kashmir 190 006 India
DIL MOHAMMED MAKHDOOMI Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama, Jammu and Kashmir 190 006 India
MEHRAJ U DIN DAR Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama, Jammu and Kashmir 190 006 India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v91i1.113235

Keywords:

Corneal oedema, Corneal opacity, Corneal thickness, Malignant catarrhal fever, Ultrasonography

Abstract

The study was aimed to record the ocular ultrasonographic changes in the confirmed clinical cases of MCF. The cases were confirmed using hemi-nested polymerase chain reaction assay. Ocular ultrasonography was performed using a 10â€“18 MHz linear transducer (My Lab 40 Vet). Clinical signs observed were corneal oedema, lacrimation, photophobia, corneal oedema and hyperaemia of conjunctiva. In two animals, mild corneal oedema was observed while in four animals each, moderate and severe corneal oedema was recorded. In all the animals, corneal oedema initially appeared at the limbus with subsequent involvement of the entire cornea with varying degree of severity. Hemi-nested polymerase chain reaction was used for confirming the diagnosis. Ocular ultrasonographic examination revealed significant increase in the thickness of the cornea, iris and ciliary body. Anterior uveitis, characterized by thickened iris, exhibiting crust and trough formation covering the major part of the anterior surface of the lens was recorded in nine animals. There was no recovery in any of the case and the animals died within one month of the diagnosis of the MCF. Significant ultrasonographic changes were evident in eyes of animals affected with the malignant catarrhal fever. Ultrasonography may therefore be used for monitoring the ocular changes especially in the anterior segment of the opaque eyes.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Cullen C L and Webb A A.2007. Ocular manifestation of systemic diseases, pp. 1617–1643 . Food animals. Veterinary Ophthalmology, 4th Edn. (Ed) Gelatt K N. Blackwell Publishing.

El-Maghraby H, Nyland T G and Bellhorn R W. 1995. Ultrasonographic and biometric evaluation of sheep and cattle eyes. Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound 36: 148–51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-8261.1995.tb00236.x

Hussain I, Kashoo Z A, Wani A H, Hasin D, Pampori Z A and Wani S A. 2017. Malignant catarrhal fever: Recent update. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 87: 260–69.

LeMay M.1978. B-scan ultrasonography of the anterior segment of the eye. British Journal of Ophthalmology 62: 651–56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo.62.9.651

Moore D A, Kohrs P, Baszler T, Faux C, Sathre P, Wenz J R, Eldridge L and Li H. 2010. Outbreak of malignant catarrhal fever among cattle associated with a state livestock exhibition. Journal of American Veterinary Medical Association 237: 87– 92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.237.1.87

Radostitis O M, Gay C C, Hinchcliff K W and Constable P D. 2007. Veterinary Medicine: A Textbook of the Diseases of Cattle, Horses, Sheep, Pigs and Goat, pp. 1245–1248. 10th Edn. Saunders Elsevier, Philadelphia.

Russell G C, Stewart J P and Haig D M. 2009. Malignant catarrhal fever: A review. Veterinary Journal 179: 324–35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2007.11.007

Smith B P. 2009. Large Animal Internal Medicine, pp.798–800.4th Edn. Mosby Elsevier, St. Louis.

Sood R, Kumar N and Bhatia S. 2017. Malignant catarrhal fever, pp. 347–62. Emerging and Re-ermerging Infectious Diseases of Livestock. Springer. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47426-7_16

Whiteley H E, Young H D, Liccitt H D and Demartini J C. 1985. Ocular lesions of bovine malignant catarrhal fever. Veterinary Pathology 22: 219–25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/030098588502200304

Zemljic T, Pot S A, Haessig M and Spiess B M. 2012. Clinical ocular findings in cows with malignant catarrhal fever: Ocular disease progression and outcome in 25 cases (2007–2010). Veterinary Ophthalmology 15: 46–52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-5224.2011.00925.x