Peripheral blood concentration of toll-like receptor-4 and its accuracy for prediction of postpartum performances of transition zebu (Bos indicus) cows

AYYASAMY MANIMARAN; PRATIK RAMESH WANKHADE; ARUMUGAM KUMARESAN; TAPAS K PATBANDHA; MUNIANDY SIVARAM; SAKTHIVEL JEYAKUMAR; DURAISAMY RAJENDRAN

doi:10.56093/ijans.v91i8.115919

Authors

AYYASAMY MANIMARAN Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 030 India
PRATIK RAMESH WANKHADE Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 030 India
ARUMUGAM KUMARESAN Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 030 India
TAPAS K PATBANDHA College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat
MUNIANDY SIVARAM Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 030 India
SAKTHIVEL JEYAKUMAR Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 030 India
DURAISAMY RAJENDRAN ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru, Karnataka

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v91i8.115919

Keywords:

Deoni cows, Milk yield, Reproductive performance, TLR-4 concentration, Transition period

Abstract

In this study, we evaluated the peripheral concentrations of Toll-like receptors (TLR)-4 during transition period in relation to postpartum productive and reproductive performances of Deoni (zebu) cattle. Accuracy and threshold values of TLR-4 to predict the postpartum performance, were also estimated using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis. Blood samples were collected at weekly intervals during transition period (from 21 days before to 21 days after calving) and TLR-4 concentration was estimated using bovine specific ELISA kits. Plasma TLR-4 concentration was significantly higher on third day of postpartum in cows that became pregnant within breeding period than the cows that remained non-pregnant (4.48 vs 1.80 ng/mL). ROC analysis revealed that the accuracy of TLR-4 for predication of ability to become pregnant within breeding period was acceptable (AUC: 0.75) with a threshold value of 2.13 ng/mL. It is concluded that concentrations of TLR-4, during transition period, could be used for predicting the possibilities of Deoni cows getting pregnant within the breeding period with moderate accuracy.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Baldwin Jr A S. 1996. The NF-B and IB proteins: new discoveries and insights. Annual Review of Immunology 14(1): 649–81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.immunol.14.1.649

Budikhina A S, Murugina N E, Maximchik P V, Dagil Y A, Nikolaeva A M, Balyasova L S, Murugin V V, Selezneva E

M, Pashchenkova Y G, Chkadua G Z and Pinegin B V. 2021. Interplay between NOD1 and TLR4 receptors in macrophages: Non-synergistic activation of signaling pathways results in synergistic induction of proinflammatory gene expression. The Journal of Immunology 206(9): 2206–20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.2000692

Das D N, Kataktalware M A, Ramesha K P and Reddy A O. 2011. Productive and reproductive performances of Deoni cattle under intensive management system. The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 81(11): 1186–88.

El-Domany W B, Radwan W A, Ateya A I, Ramadan H H, Marghani B H and Nasr S M. 2019. Genetic polymorphisms

in LTF/Eco RI and TLR4/Alu I loci as candidates for milk and reproductive performance assessment in Holstein cattle.

Reproduction in Domestic Animals 54: 678–86.

Goldammer T, Zerbe H, Molenaar A, Schuberth H J, Brunner R M, Kata S R and Seyfert H M. 2004. Mastitis increases

mammary mRNA abundance of -defensin 5, toll-like-receptor 2 (TLR2), and TLR4 but not TLR9 in cattle. Clinical and

Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 11(1): 174–85.

LeBouder E, Rey-Nores J E, Rushmere N K, Grigorov M, Lawn S D, Affolter M, Griffin G E, Ferrara P, Schiffrin E J, Morgan B P and Labeta M O. 2003. Soluble forms of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 capable of modulating TLR2 signaling are present in human plasma and breast milk. The Journal of Immunology 171(12): 6680–89. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.171.12.6680

Lucy M C. 2019. Stress, strain, and pregnancy outcome in postpartum cows. Animal Reproduction 16(3): 455–64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21451/1984-3143-AR2019-0063

Ma J L, Zhu Y H, Zhang L, Zhuge Z Y, Liu P Q, Yan X D, Gao H S and Wang J F. 2011. Serum concentration and mRNA

expression in milk somatic cells of toll-like receptor 2, tolllike receptor 4, and cytokines in dairy cows following intramammary inoculation with Escherichia coli. Journal of Dairy Science 94(12): 5903–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2011-4167

Manimaran A, Kumaresan A, Jeyakumar S, Mohanty T K, Sejian V, Kumar N, Sreela L, Prakash M A, Mooventhan P, Anantharaj A and Das D N. 2016. Potential of acute phase proteins as predictor of postpartum uterine infections during transition period and its regulatory mechanism in dairy cattle. Veterinary World 9(1): 91–100. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2016.91-100

Mundhe U T, Das D N, Gandhi R S and Divya P. 2018. Studies on TLR2 gene variants and their association with milk yield and milk quality traits in Bos indicus (Deoni) cattle. The Indian Journal of Animal Research 52(2): 198–203. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.B-3204

National Research Council (NRC). 2001. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 7th revised edition. National Academies Press, Washington, DC.

Noori R, Mahdavi A H, Edriss M A, Rahmani H R, Talebi M and Soltani-Ghombavani M. 2013. Association of polymorphism in Exon 3 of toll-like receptor 4 gene with somatic cell score and milk production traits in Holstein dairy cows of Iran. South African Journal of Animal science 43(4): 493–98. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v43i4.6

Razak R, Hussain I, Dar P A, Bashir S M, Bhat S A and Mir M R. 2015. Association of toll-like receptor 4 gene polymorphism with the severity of mastitis in crossbred dairy cattle. Applied Biological Research 17: 242–49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-4517.2015.00035.X

Shi H, Kokoeva M V, Inouye K, Tzameli I, Yin H and Flier J S. 2006. TLR4 links innate immunity and fatty acid-induced DOI: https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI28898

insulin resistance. The Journal of Clinical Investigation 116(11): 3015–25.

Shimizu T, Kawasaki Y, Aoki Y, Magata F, Kawashima C and Miyamoto A. 2017. Effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms of Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR 4) on reproductive performance and immune function in dairy cows. Biochemical Genetics 55: 212–22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10528-017-9790-0

Wankhade P R, Manimaran A, Kumaresan A, Jeyakumar S, Ramesha K P, Sejian V, Rajendran D, Bagath M and Sivaram

M. 2018. Metabolism and immune status during transition period influences the lactation performance in Zebu (Bos indicus) cows. The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 88(9): 1064–69.

Wankhade P R, Manimaran A, Kumaresan A, Jeyakumar S, Ramesha K P, Sejian V, Rajendran D and Varghese M R. 2017. Metabolic and immunological changes in transition dairy cows: A review. Veterinary World 10(11): 1367–77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2017.1367-1377

Wankhade P R, Manimaran A, Kumaresan A, Jeyakumar S, Sejian V, Rajendran D, Bagath M, Sivaram M, Ramesha K P and Varghese M R. 2019. Active immune system and dry matter intake during the transition period are associated with postpartum fertility in lactating Zebu cows. Livestock Science 228: 18–24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2019.07.020

Wankhade P R, Manimaran A, Kumaresan A, Patbandha T K, Sivaram M, Jeyakumar S and Rajendran D. 2021. Prediction of postpartum performances of transition Zebu (Bos indicus) cows using receiver operating characteristics analysis. The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 91(3): 3–10.

Werling D and Jungi T W. 2003. Toll-like receptors linking innate and adaptive immune response. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 91(1): 1–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-2427(02)00228-3

Werling D, Piercy J and Coffey T J. 2006. Expression of Tolllike receptors (TLR) by bovine antigen-presenting cells-

Potential role in pathogen discrimination? Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 112(1–2): 2–11.

Yang W, Zerbe H, Petzl W, Brunner R M, Gunther J, Draing C, von Aulock S, Schuberth H J and Seyfert H M. 2008. Bovine TLR2 and TLR4 properly transduce signals from Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli, but S. aureus fails to both

activate NF-B in mammary epithelial cells and to quickly induce TNFand interleukin-8 (CXCL8) expression in the

udder. Molecular Immunology 45(5): 1385–97.

Zhang Y, Li X, Zhang H, Zhao Z, Peng Z, Wang Z, Liu G and Li X. 2018. Non-esterified fatty acids over-activate the TLR2/4-NF-b signaling pathway to increase inflammatory cytokine synthesis in neutrophils from ketotic cows. Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 48(2): 827–37. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000491913

Zhou H, Cheng L, Gong H, Byun S O, Edwards G R and Hickford J G. 2017. Variation in the Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4) gene affects milk traits in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Research 84(4): 426–29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029917000711

Zunt S L, Burton L V, Goldblatt L I, Dobbins E E and Srinivasan M. 2009. Soluble forms of Toll like receptor 4 are present in human saliva and modulate tumour necrosis factor secretion by macrophage like cells. Clinical and Experimental Immunology 156(2): 285–93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2249.2009.03854.x