Effect of cooling strategies on milk production, physiological variables and blood profile during hot-dry and hot-humid summer in Sahiwal cattle

B YADAV; A K MADAN; S YADAV; V PANDEY; R SIROHI

doi:10.56093/ijans.v91i10.117217

Authors

B YADAV Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281 001 India
A K MADAN Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281 001 India
S YADAV Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281 001 India
V PANDEY Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281 001 India
R SIROHI Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281 001 India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v91i10.117217

Keywords:

Heat stress, Milk production, Misting, Sahiwal cattle, Splashing

Abstract

The present experiment was undertaken to study the effect of misting and splashing during hot-dry and hothumid months in lactating Sahiwal cattle. The study was conducted during May, June (hot-dry) and July (hothumid) with monthly average temperature-humidity index (THI) of 79.88, 80.57 and 85.36, respectively. Eighteen lactating cattle were selected on the basis of days in milk, milk yield, and parity and then divided into three groups: control (no cooling), cooling by misting and cooling by splashing. Milk production was not affected by hot-dry and hot-humid heat stress in Sahiwal cattle. RT and RR were significantly lower in misting and splashing group as compared to control during hot-dry period. The heat stress-induced leucocytosis, lymphocytopenia and neutrophilia were significantly ameliorated by both misting and splashing during the study period. Heat stress-induced alterations in serum creatinine, sodium and ROS concentration were significantly mitigated by misting in hot-humid climate. The prolactin level significantly decreased in animals by misting during the study period. The results suggested that misting was more efficient than splashing as a cooling strategy in hot dry condition while splashing was more effective in hot-humid condition and mitigated the heat stress-induced alterations in different welfare parameters but could not fully nullify it. However, the resultant stress was not sufficient enough to decrease the milk yield in Sahiwal cattle. It may also be concluded that the Sahiwal cattle have high heat tolerance and could sustain production even in a hot-dry and hot-humid environment.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ahmad M, Bhatti J A, Abdullah M, Javed K, Ali M, Rashid G, Uddin R, Badini A H and Jehan M. 2018. Effect of ambient management interventions on the production and physiological performance of lactating Sahiwal cattle during hot dry summer. Tropical Animal Health and Production 50: 1249–54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-018-1551-5

Akyuz A, Boyaci S and Cayli A. 2010. Determination of critical period for dairy cows using temperature humidity index. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 9: 1824–27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/javaa.2010.1824.1827

Amaral Do B C, Connor E E, Tao S, Hayen J, Bubolz J and Dahl G E. 2009. Heat- stress abatement during the dry period: Does cooling improve transition into lactation? Journal of Dairy Science 92: 5988–99. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2009-2343

Brambilla G, Fiori M and Archetti L I. 2001. Evalution of the oxidative stress in growing pigs by microplate assays. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A 48: 33–38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0442.2001.00333.x

Butt M A, Bhatti J A, Khalique A and Shahid M Q. 2020. Effect of fans and showers on the physiological measures and

reproductive performance of Holstein Friesian bulls during subtropical summer. Tropical Animal Health Production 52(4): 1991–2000.

Dickmen S and Hansen P J. 2009. Is the temperature- humidity index the best indicator of heat stress in lactating dairy cows in a subtropical environment? Journal of Dairy Science 92: 109–16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2008-1370

Kohli S, Atheya U K and Thapliyal A. 2014. Assessment of optimum thermal humidity index for crossbred dairy cows in Dehradun district, Uttarkhand, India. Veterinary World 7: 917–21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2014.916-921

Kumar J, Madan A K, Kumar M, Sirohi R, Yadav B, Reddy AV andSwain D K. 2018. Impact of season on antioxidants,

nutritional metabolic status, cortisol and heat shock proteins in Hariana and Sahiwal cattle. Biological Rhythm Research 49: 29–38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2017.1332842

Kumar J, Yadav B, Madan AK, Kumar M, Sirohi R, Reddy A V. 2020. Dynamics of heat shock proteins, metabolic and DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119432401.ch9

endocrine responses during increasing temperature humidity index (THI) in lactating Hariana (Zebu) cattle. Biological Rhythm Research 51(6): 934–50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2019.1566986

Lakhani P, Kumar P, Lakhani N and Naif Alhussien M. 2020. The influence of tropical thermal stress on the seasonal and diurnal variations in the physiological and oxidative status of Karan Fries heifers. Biological Rhythm Research 51(6): 837–46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2018.1548877

Lees A M, Lees J C, Sejian V, Sullivan M L and Gaughan J B. 2020. Influence of shade on panting score and behavioural

responses of Bos taurus and Bos indicus feed lot cattle to heat load. Animal Production Science 60: 305–15.

Mader T, Davis MS and Brown-Brandl T. 2006. Environmental factors influencing heat stress in feedlot cattle. Journal of Animal Science 84: 712–19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2527/2006.843712x

Madesh M and Balasubramanian K A. 1998. Microtiter plate assay for superoxide dismutase using MTT reductiom by superoxide. Indian Journal of Biophysics 35: 184–88.

Parmar M S, Madan A K, Rastogi S K and Huozha R. 2013. Comparative study of seasonal variations on haematological profil in Sahiwal cows (Bos indicus) and Murrah Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Journal of Animal Research 3: 167–71.

Pinto S, Hoffmann G, Ammon C and Amon T. 2020. Crtical THI thresholds based on the physiological parameters of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Thermal Biology 88: 102523. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102523

Sreedhar S, Rao K S, Suresh J, Moorthy P R and Reddy V P. 2013. Changes in haematocrit andsome serum biochemical

profile of Sahiwal and Jersey Sahiwal cows in tropical environments. Veterinarski Archiv 83: 171–87.

Srivastava A, Yadav P, Mahajan A, Anand M, Yadav S, Madan A K and Yadav B. 2021. Appropriate THI model and its threshold for goats in semi-arid regions of India. Journal of Thermal Biology 96:102845. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102845

Yadav B, Singh G and Wanker A. 2015. Adaptive capability as indicated by redox status and endocrine responses in crossbred cattle exposed to different thermal stresses. Journal of Animal Research 5: 67–73.

Yadav B, Pandey V, Yadav S, Singh Y, Kumar V and Sirohi R. 2016b. Effect of misting and wallowing cooling systems on

milk yield, blood and physiological variables during heat stress in lactating Murrrah buffalo. Journal of Animal Science and Technology 58: https://doi.10.1186/s40781-015-0082-0

Yadav B, Singh G and Wanker A. 2021. Acclimatization dynamics to extreme heat stress in crossbred cattle. Biological Rhythm Research 52: 524–34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2019.1610627

Yadav B, Singh G and Wanker A K. 2017. The use of infrared skin temperature measurements for monitoring heat stress and welfare of crossbred cattle. Indian Journal of Dairy Science 70: 1–5.

Yadav B, Singh G, Verma A K, Dutta N and Sejian V. 2013. Impact of heat stress on rumen functions. Veterinary World 6: 922–96. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2013.992-996

Yadav B, Singh G, Wanker A K, Dutta N, Chaturvedi V B and Verma M R. 2016a. Effect of simulated heat stress on digestibility, methane emission and metabolic adaptability in crossbred cattle. Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Science 29: 1585–92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.15.0693

Yadav B, Singh G and Wanker A. 2015. Adaptive capability as indicated by redox status and endocrine responses in crossbred cattle exposed to thermal stress. Journal of Animal Research 5: 67–73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5958/2277-940X.2015.00011.X