In-vitro antibacterial activity of Zingiber officinale (ginger) against bacteria isolated from reproductive tract of clinical endometritic Murrah buffaloes

PUSHKAR  SHARMA; SUSHANT  SRIVASTAVA; RISHI  KANT; BHOOPENDRA  SINGH; SAURABH

doi:10.56093/ijans.v94i5.117256

Authors

PUSHKAR SHARMA College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, NDVSU, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh
SUSHANT SRIVASTAVA Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh
RISHI KANT Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh
BHOOPENDRA SINGH Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh
SAURABH Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v94i5.117256

Keywords:

ABST, Cervical mucus, Endometritis, FT-IR, Murrah buffaloes, Zingiber officinale

Abstract

Endometritis, an inflammation of the innermost uterine layer, is caused by a variety of bacteria, including Gram- positive and Gram-negative aerobes and anaerobes. This study aimed to identify the active compounds in Zingiber officinale (ginger) and assess its effectiveness against common bacterial pathogens found in Murrah buffaloes suffering from endometritis. The infrared spectrum of ginger powder displayed a range of wavelengths from 3361.89/cm to 664.26/cm, indicating the presence of eight functional groups. In the hydro-ethanolic ginger extract, the spectrum ranged from 3402.8/cm to 765.35/cm, revealing 12 functional groups. A total of 42 vaginal mucus samples were collected, with E. coli being the most prevalent in 23 samples, followed by S. aureus in 21 samples, Pseudomonas spp. in 12 samples, and Campylobacter spp. in 11 samples. To evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of ginger extracts, antimicrobial susceptibility tests were conducted at concentrations of 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mg/ml. Staphylococcus aureus exhibited the highest sensitivity to the ginger extract, while E. coli showed substantial resistance. In conclusion, ginger demonstrates potent antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant uterine pathogens and could serve as an alternative therapy to mitigate the risk of drug resistance in treating uterine infections.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Aypak C, Altunsoy A and Duzgun N. 2008. Empiric antibiotic therapy in acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections and fluoroquinolone resistance: A prospective observational study. Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials 8(27): 1–7.

Azawi O I, Omran S N and Hadad J J. 2007. Clinical bacteriological and histopathological study of toxic puerperal metritis in Iraqi buffalo. Journal of Dairy Science 90(10): 4654–60.

Bashir S F, Gurumayum S and Kaur S. 2015. In-vitro antimicrobial activity and preliminary phytochemical screening of methanol chloroform and hot water extracts of ginger (Zingiber officinale). Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 1(8): 45–52.

Dalton L. 2022. Understanding the female reproductive tract’s role in fertilization. ACS Cent Science 8(1): 3–6.

Ellerbrock R H and Gerke H H. 2021. FTIR spectral band shifts explained by OM–cation interactions. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 184(6): 388–97.

Eltahir A S, Elnoor M I, Menahi S, and Mustafa E M A. 2018. Morph-anatomical studies and antibacterial activities of the Rhizome of Zingiber officinale Roscoe. Open Access Library 5(10): 1–9.

Ema F A, Shanta R N, Rahman M Z, Islam M A and Khatun M M. 2022. Isolation, identification, and antibiogram studies of Escherichia coli from ready-to-eat foods in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Veterinary World 15(6): 1497–1505.

Fulgueiras V. 2011. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in enterobacterial clinical isolates in the pediatric hospital of Uruguay. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 66(8): 1725–29.

Hasan H A, Raauf A M R, Razik B M A and Hassan B A R. 2012. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the crude extracts isolated from Zingiber officinale by different solvents. Pharmaceutica Analytica Acta 3(9): 184.

Kaushik P and Goyal P. 2011. Evaluation of various crude extracts of Zingiber officinale Rhizome for potential antibacterial activity: A study in vitro. Advances in Microbiology 1: 7–12.

Kumar P K, Paul W and Sharma C P. 2011. Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles with Zingiber officinale extract: Characterization and blood compatibility. Process Biochemistry 46(10): 2007–13.

Luc D, Jean Michel B, Vanina L, Alain M, Liliane B and Jean Michel B. 2020. Antibacterial mode of action of the Daucus carota essential oil active compounds against Campylobacter jejuni and efflux-mediated drug resistance in gram-negative bacteria. Molecules 25(22): 5448.

Mao Q Q, Xu X Y, Cao S Y, Gan R Y, Corke H, Beta T and Li H B. 2019. Bioactive compounds and bioactivities of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe). Foods 8(6): 185.

Meadows A B, Murphy R J, Olorunda A O and Aina T O. 2004. The Infra-Red microspectroscopy of 6-gingerol in Nigerian ginger (Zingiber Officinale Roscoe). The Nigerian Food Journal 22(1): 18–22.

Nassar M S M, Hazzah W A and Bakr W M K. 2019. Evaluation of antibiotic susceptibility test results: How guilty a laboratory could be? Journal of Egyptian Public Health Association 94(1): 4.

Nikolic M, Vasic S, Durđevic J, Stefanovic O and Comic L. 2014. Antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity of ginger (Zingiber officinale (roscoe)) ethanolic extract. Kragujevac Journal of Science 36: 129–36.

Noakes D E, Parkinson D J and England G C W. 2002. Arthur’s Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics, 8th Edition. (Ed.) Arthur G H. Elsevier Science Ltd, pp. 399-408.

Norhidayah A, Noriham A and Rusop M. 2013. The effect of drying methods on physico-chemical properties of nanostructured Zingiber officinale Rosc (Ginger) rhizome. Advanced Materials Research 667: 458–63.

Onnureddy K, Vengalrao Y, Mohanty T K and Singh D. 2013. Metagenomic analysis of uterine microbiota in postpartum normal and endometritic water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Journal of Buffalo Science 2: 124–34.

Osawa T. 2021. Predisposing factors, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of persistent endometritis in postpartum cows. The Journal of Reproduction and Development 67(5): 291–99.

Purnomo H, Jaya F and Widjanarko S B. 2010. The effects of type and time of thermal processing on ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) rhizome antioxidant compounds and its quality. International Food Research Journal 17: 335–47.

Singh N, Sethi A. 2022. Endometritis - diagnosis, treatment and its impact on fertility - A scoping review. JBRA Assist Reproduction 26(3): 538–46.

Socransky S S and Haffajee A D. 2002. Dental biofilms: Difficult therapeutics target. Periodontal 28: 12–55.

Tsiligianni T, Amiridis G S, Dovolou E, Menegatos I, Chadio S, Rizos D and Gutierrez-Adan A. 2011. Association between physical properties of cervical mucus and ovulation rate in superovulated cows. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research 75(4): 248–53.