Assessment of cold stress in crossbred cattle by wind chill temperature index

J H BUTT; D KONWAR; B BRAHMA; A KHAN; D CHAKRABORTY

doi:10.56093/ijans.v91i12.119838

Authors

J H BUTT Suguna Food Pvt Ltd, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
D KONWAR Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 181 103 India
B BRAHMA Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 181 103 India
A KHAN Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 181 103 India
D CHAKRABORTY Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 181 103 India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v91i12.119838

Keywords:

Crossbred cattle, Hemato-biochemical, Milk yield, Physiological, WCT

Abstract

In the present experiment we studied the effect of cold stress as assessed by Wind Chill Temperature (WCT) on physiological, hemato-biochemical, behavioural parameters and milk production of crossbred cattle. The study spanned for a period of 14 weeks (November to March) with WCT range of 13.51±1.09 to 5.67±0.51. The rectal temperature (°C) and respiration rate (p<0.01, r=0.812) of the experimental animals showed positive correlation with WCT while pulse rate was negatively correlated (P<0.05; r= -0.639) with WCT. There was no effect of WCT on hematobiochemical parameters with exception of AST, ALT and GPx. Feed intake (DM basis), water intake and rumination number were negatively correlated with WCT. Milk yield (kg) showed positive correlation (p<0.01; r=0.943) with WCT and dropped by 66.59% at lowest WCT. Regression analysis of data revealed high dependency of rectal temperature, respiration rate, milk yield and dry matter on WCT. The study concluded that cold stress is evident in crossbred at WCT range of 5.67±0.51 to 16.01±0.72°C.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Angrecka S and Herbut P. 2015. Conditions for cold stress development in dairy cattle kept in free stall barn during severe frosts. Czech Journal of Animal Science 60(2): 81–87.

Bouraouri R, Lahmar M, Majdoub A, Djemali M and Belyea R. 2002. The relationship of temperature-humidity index with milk production of dairy cows in a Mediterranean climate. EDP Sciences Animal Research 51(6): 479–91.

Ganaie A H, Shanker G, Bumla N A, Ghasura R S, Mir N A, Wani S A and Dudhatra G B. 2013. Biochemical and physiological changes during thermal stress in bovines. Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology 4(1): 1–6.

Giri A, Bharti V K, Kalia S, Ravindran V, Ranjan P, Kundan T R and Kumar B. 2017. Seasonal changes in haematological and biochemical profile of dairy cows in high altitude cold desert. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 87(6): 723–27.

Habeeb A A, Gad A E and Atta M A. 2018. Temperature-Humidity Indices as indicators to heat stress of climatic conditions with relation to production and reproduction of farm animals. International Journal of Biotechnology and Recent Advances 1(1): 35–50.

Hafeman DG, Sunde RA, Hoekstra WG. 1974. Effect of dietary selenium on erythrocyte and liver glutathione peroxidase in the rat. Journal of Nutrition 104(5): 580–87.

Hill D L and Wall E. 2017. Weather influences feed intake and feed efficiency in a temperate climate. Journal of Dairy Science 100(3): 2240–57.

Marklund S and Marklund G. 1974. Involvement of the superoxide anion radical in the autoxidation of pyrogallol and a convenient assay for superoxide dismutase. European Journal of Biochemistry 47(3): 469–74.

Martel J C F, Harrison M T, Brown J N, Rawnsley R, Smith A P and Meinke H. 2021. Negative relationship between dry matter intake and the temperature humidity index with increasing heat stress in cattle: A global meta analysis. International Journal of Biometeorology https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-021-02167-0

Mazzullo G, Rifici C, Cammarata F, Caccamo G, Rizzo M and Piccione G. 2014. Effect of different environmental conditions on some haematological parameters in cow. Annals of Animals Science 14(4): 947–54.

Ohno H. 1991. Effects of cold stress on glutathione and related enzymes in rat erythrocytes. International Journal of

Biometeorology 35(2): 111–13.

Purwar V, Verma D, Kumar J, Sahu M and Kumar V. 2019. Effect of heat stress on physiological indices. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 7(1): 1092–94.

Snedecor G W and Cochran W G. 1994. Statistical Methods. 8th Edition, East West Press Private Limited, New Delhi.

Solianik R, Skurvydas A, Mickeviciene D and Brazaitis M. 2014.

Intermittent whole-body cold immersion induces similar thermal stress but different motor and cognitive responses

between males and females. Cryobiology 69: 323–32.

Tucker B C, Rogers A R, Verkerk G A, Kendall P E, Webster J R and Matthews L R. 2007. Effects of shelter and body condition on the behaviour and physiology of dairy cattle in winter. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 105(1–13): 1–27.

Yasothai R. 2014. Effect of climate on nutrient intake and metabolism and countering heat stress by nutritional

manipulation. International Journal of Science, Environment and Technology 3: 1685–90.