Prevalence and characteristics of haemoprotozoan infections of cattle in Mizoram

H C  JOANE MARY; J B  RAJESH; HRIDAYESH  PRASAD; KALYAN  SARMA; PARIMAL  ROYCHOUDHURY; AYUB  ALI; AYUB  ALI; DEVAJANI  DEKA; HITESH  BAYAN; R  RAVINDRAN

doi:10.56093/ijans.v92i4.124017

Authors

H C JOANE MARY College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Selesih, Mizoram 796 015 India
J B RAJESH College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Selesih, Mizoram 796 015 India
HRIDAYESH PRASAD College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Selesih, Mizoram 796 015 India
KALYAN SARMA College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Selesih, Mizoram 796 015 India
PARIMAL ROYCHOUDHURY College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Selesih, Mizoram 796 015 India
AYUB ALI College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Selesih, Mizoram 796 015 India
AYUB ALI College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Selesih, Mizoram 796 015 India
DEVAJANI DEKA College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Selesih, Mizoram 796 015 India
HITESH BAYAN College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Selesih, Mizoram 796 015 India
R RAVINDRAN College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Selesih, Mizoram 796 015 India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v92i4.124017

Keywords:

Anaplasmosis, Babesiosis, Cattle, Haemoprotozoan, Mizoram, Theileriosis

Abstract

Present study aimed at finding the prevalence and characterestics of different haemoprotozoan infections in cattle of Mizoram. Study consisted of 150 samples collected from 64 cattle farms. The epidemiological parametres were collected along with blood samples. Blood smears were examined and PCR done for all samples. Results showed that 18% of cattle were infected with haemoprotozoan diseases, viz. babesiosis (44.44%), theileriosis (37.03%) and anaplasmosis (11.11%) and concomitant infection (7.40%). Haematobiochemical parametres were also examined and found hypoproteinaemia, hypoalbunminaemia, hypoglobulinaemia, hypoglycemia, increased AST, total bilirubin and creatinine. Therapeutic efficiency of Dimenazine and Buparvaquone along with other drugs were also
studied. It is observed that Dimenazine along with Azithromycine and Buparvaquone along with Oxytetracycline
showed more effectivenes

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Afifi N A, Shihata I M, El-zorba H Y and Ismail I M. 2014. Prevalence of theileriosis in cross-bred cattle: its detection through blood smear examination and polymerase chain reaction in Dehradun district, Uttarakhand, India. Veterinary World 7(3): 168. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2014.168-171

Bertholf R L. 2014. Proteins and albumin. Laboratory Medicine 45(1): e25–e41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1309/LMKRNRGW5J03APZQ

Bock R E, Kingston T G, Standfast N F and De Vos A J. 1999. Effect of cattle breed on innate resistance to inoculations of Babesia bigemina. Australian Veterinary Journal 77(7): 465. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1999.tb12094.x

Choosongsang P, Bodhikul A, Musigavon P, Pocathikorn A, Prasongsab T, Musaw A and Nubtueboon P. 2011. Modified Jendrassik-Grof method for measurement of direct bilirubin: An improvement of in-house method. Journal of Health Science and Medical Research 29(1): 19–26.

Constable P D, Hinchcliff K W, Done S H and Grünberg W. 2016. Veterinary Medicine-e- book: A Textbook of the Diseases of Cattle, Horses, Sheep, Pigs and Goats. 11th Edition, Elsevier Health Sciences, USA.

d’Oliveira C, Van der Weide M, Habela M A, Jacquiet P and Jongejan F. 1995. Detection of Theileria annulata in blood samples of carrier cattle by PCR. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 33: 2665–69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.33.10.2665-2669.1995

Figueroa J V, Chieves L P, Johnson G S and Buening G M. 1993. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction based assay for the detection of Babesia bigemina, Babesia bovis and Anaplasma marginale DNA in bovine blood. Veterinary Parasitology 50: 69–81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4017(93)90008-B

Ghosh S, Patra G, Borthakur S K, Behera P, Tolenkhomba T C, Deka A and Biswas P. 2020.

Prevalence of haemoprotozoa in cattle of Mizoram, India. Biological Rhythm Research 51(1): 76–87. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2018.1518208

Jabbar A, Abbas T, Saddiqi H A, Qamar M F and Gasser R B. 2015. Tick-borne diseases of bovines in Pakistan: Major scope for future research and improved control. Parasites and Vectors 8(1): 283. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-015-0894-2

Jayalakshmi K, Sasikala M, Veeraselvam M, Venkatesan M, Yogeshpriya S, Ramkumar P K and Vijayasarathi M K. 2019. Prevalence of haemoprotozoan diseases in cattle of Cauvery delta region of Tamil Nadu. Journal of Parasitic Diseases 43(2): 308–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-019-01094-7

Kamau J, de Vos A J, Playford M, Salim B, Kinyanjui P and Sugimoto C. 2011. Emergence of new types of Theileria orientalis in Australian cattle and possible cause of theileriosis outbreaks. Parasites and Vectors 4(1): 22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-4-22

Kaur D, Jaiswal K and Mishra S. 2017. Effect of tick infestation on haematological parameters of calves. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 5(4): 107–111.

Kumar V and Gill K D. 2018. Estimation of blood glucose levels by glucose oxidase method. Basic Concepts in Clinical Biochemistry: A Practical Guide. Springer, Singapore. pp. 57–60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8186-6_13

Laha R, Das M, Goswami A and Singh P. 2012. A clinical case of babesiosis in a crossbred cow of Meghalaya. Indian Journal of Animal Research 46(3): 302–05.

Lorenz T C. 2012. Polymerase chain reaction: Basic protocol plus troubleshooting and optimization strategies. Journal of Visualized Experiments 63: e3998. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3791/3998

Maharana B R, Tewari A K, Saravanan B C and Sudhakar N R. 2016. Important hemoprotozoan diseases of livestock: Challenges in current diagnostics and therapeutics: An update. Veterinary World 9(5): 487. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2016.487-495

Matsuu A, Yamasaki M, Xuan X, Ikadai H and Hikasa Y. 2008. In vitro evaluation of the growth inhibitory activities of 15 drugs against Babesia gibsoni (Aomori strain). Veterinary Parasitology 157: 1–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.07.023

Mbwambo H A, Magwisha H B and Mfinanga J M. 2006. Evaluation of buparvaquone (BUTA-Kel KELA, Belgium) as a treatment of East Coast fever in cattle in the peri-urban of Dar Es Salaam city, Tanzania. Veterinary Parasitology 139: 67–73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.02.024

Mosqueda J, Olvera-Ramirez A, Aguilar-Tipacamu G and Canto G. 2012. Current advances in detection and treatment of babesiosis. Current Medicinal Chemistry 19(10): 1504–18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2174/092986712799828355

Muhanguzi D, Ikwap K, Picozzi K and Waiswa C. 2010. Molecular characterization of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species in different cattle breeds and age groups in Mbarara district (Western Uganda). Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 2: 76–88.

Nair A S, Ravindran R, Lakshmanan B, Kumar S S, Tresamol P V, Saseendranath M R and Ghosh S. 2011. Haemoprotozoa of cattle in northern Kerala, India. Tropical Biomedicine 28(1): 68–75.

Narladkar B W. 2018. Projected economic losses due to vector and vector-borne parasitic diseases in livestock of India and its significance in implementing the concept of integrated practices for vector management. Veterinary World 11(2): 151. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2018.151-160

Oguejiofor C F, Ochiogu I S and Umeoduagu C J. 2010. Increasing doses of diminazene aceturate: adverse reproductive effects in female Wistar rats. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 887–89. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1995-7645(10)60213-1

Omotainse S O, Anosa V O and Falaye C. 1994. Clinical and biochemical changes in experimental Trypanosoma brucei infection in dogs. Isreal Journal of Veterinary Medicine 49(1) : 36–39.

Parthiban M, Saranya R, Magesh M and Raman M. 2010. Detection of theileria parasite in cattle of Tamil Nadu using nested PCR Tamil Nadu Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 6(4): 162–65.

Patarapadungkit N, Nuchadomrong S, Sattayasai N, Indrakamhang P and Daduang S. 2004. Specific and highly sensitive primers for PCR detection of Babesia bovis. Science Asia 30: 67–73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2004.30.067

Patke V G and Kansara G S. 2018. A comparative analytical quality evaluation study between two methods for blood urea nitrogen estimation. IOSR Journal of Dental Medical Sciences 17: 48–56.

Quinquennial Livestock Census. 2019. Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying. Government of India, New Delhi

Saravanan M, Ranjithkumar M, Prasanth N B, Yogeshpriya S, Jayalakshmi K and Kannan K. 2017. Clinical, hematological changes and therapeutic efficacy of buparvaquone with oxytetracycline against the natural infection of Theileria annulata in cattle. International Journal of Livestock Research 7(10): 128–33.

Sarma K, Prasad H, Das G, Behera P, Behera S K, Rajesh J B and Borthakur S K. 2016. Theileriasis in crossbred cows and its therapeutic management: First report from Lushai hill district of Mizoram. Journal of Parasitic Diseases 40(3): 605–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-014-0545-0

Stockham S L, Kjemtrup A M, Conrad P A, Schmidt D A, Robimson T W, Tyler J W, Johnson G C, Carson C A and Cuddihee P. 2000. Theileriosis in a Missouri beef herd caused by Theileria buffeli: A case report, herd investigation, ultra structure, phylogenetic analysis and experimental transmission. Veterinary Pathology 37: 11–21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1354/vp.37-1-11

Syal K, Banerjee D and Srinivasan A. 2013. Creatinine estimation and interference. Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry 28(2): 210. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-013-0299-y

Velusamy R, Rani N, Ponnudurai G, Harikrishnan T J, Anna T, Arunachalam K and Anbarasi P. 2014. Influence of season, age and breed on prevalence of haemoprotozoan diseases in cattle of Tamil Nadu, India. Veterinary World 7(8): 574–78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2014.574-578

Wang H L, Chu C H, Tsai S J and Yang R J. 2016. Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase detection on paper-based analytical devices with inkjet printer-sprayed reagents. Micromachines 7(1): 9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/mi7010009

Zintl A, Gray J S, Skerrett H E and Mulcahy G. 2005. Possible mechanisms underlying age‐related resistance to bovine babesiosis. Parasite Immunology 27(4): 115–20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3024.2005.00748.x