Impact of maize particle size on egg production and egg quality of White Leghorns in early stage of production

SONU; YASHPAL SINGH; UDEYBIR CHAHAL; DALJEET KAUR; D S MALIK

doi:10.56093/ijans.v92i12.126948

Authors

SONU Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India
YASHPAL SINGH Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India
UDEYBIR CHAHAL Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 IndiaGuru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India
DALJEET KAUR Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India
D S MALIK Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v92i12.126948

Keywords:

Egg indices, Egg production, Maize, Particle size, Screen size

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of the maize particle size on the performance of layers. Five maize-soybean based diets were formulated with maize particle size of 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0 and 12.0 mm sieve size with five treatments (T1: 4.0 mm mash diet; T2: 6.0 mm mash diet; T3: 8.0 mm mash diet; T4: 10.0 mm mash diet; T5: 12.0 mm mash diet) fed from 20 to 28 weeks of age. Each treatment was replicated three times, with 10 birds in each replicate. The results showed no significant difference in average daily feed intake, live weight, hen day egg production percentage, egg mass and egg indices except for haugh unit, which was highest for the 4 mm screen size and lowest for the 12 mm screen size in layers from 20 to 28 weeks of age. FCR (g/g egg mass) was highest for T3 as compared to the average of other treatments not affected by either of the feeds. In conclusion, the size of the screen used to mill the grain had no impact on hen production within the range of the study. Furthermore, the decision to grind grains more coarsely than is already customary would be favourable for the environment and the economy because it would reduce the amount of energy, labour, and time utilised in feed mills.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

1. Abadi M H M G, Moravej H, Shivazad M, Torshizi M A K and Kim W K. 2019. Effects of feed form and particle size, and pellet binder on performance, digestive tract parameters, intestinal morphology, and cecal microflora populations in broilers. Poultry Science 98(3): 1432–40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey488

2. Abdollahi M R, Ravindran V and Svihus B. 2014. Influence of feed form on growth performance, ileal nutrient digestibility, and energy utilisation in broiler starters fed a sorghum-based diet. Livestock Science 165: 80–86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2014.04.002

3. Amerah, A Ravindran, V Lentle R and Thomas D. 2007. Feed particle size: Implications on the digestion and performance of poultry. World’s Poultry Science Journal 63(3): 439–55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043933907001560

4. Amornthewaphat N, Attamangkune S, Songserm O, Ruangpanit Y and Thomawong P. 2007. Effects of corn particle size in layer diet on laying performance and uniformity of egg quality under high stocking density. Proceedings of the 16th European Symposium on Poultry Nutrition. pp. 479–482.

5. AOAC. 2012. Association of Official Analytical Chemist. Official Method of Analysis of AOAC international, 19th Edn. Washington D.C., U.S.A.

6. Baker S and Herrman T. 2002. Evaluating particle size. MF- 2051 Feed Manufacturing, Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University. 5 pp.

7. BIS. 2007. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. Bureau of Indian Standards, 5th revision, New Delhi, India.

8. Deaton J W, Lott B D and Simmons J D. 1988. Hammer mill versus roller mill grinding of corn for commercial egg layers. Poultry Science 68(10): 1342–44. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0681342

9. Ege G, Bozkurt M, Koçer B, Tüzün A E, Uygun M and Alkan G. 2019. Influence of feed particle size and feed form on productive performance, egg quality, gastrointestinal tract traits, digestive enzymes, intestinal morphology, and nutrient digestibility of laying hens reared in enriched cages. Poultry Science 98(9): 3787–3801. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez082

10. González-Alvarado J M, Jiménez-Moreno E, Valencia D G, Lázaro R and Mateos G G. 2008. Effects of fiber source and heat processing of the cereal on the development and pH of the gastrointestinal tract of broilers fed diets based on corn or rice. Poultry Science 87(9): 1779–95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2008-00070

11. Guzmán P, Saldaña B, Kimiaeitalab M V, García J and Mateos G G. 2015. Inclusion of fiber in diets for brown-egg laying pullets: Effects on growth performance and digestive tract traits from hatching to 17 weeks of age. Poultry Science 94(11): 2722–33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pev288

12. Hamilton R M G and Proudfoot F G. 1995. Effects of ingredient particle size and feed form on the performance of Leghorn hens. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 75(1): 109–114. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4141/cjas95-014

13. Hafeez A, Mader A, Röhe I, Ruhnke I, Boroojeni F G, Yousaf, M. S, Zentek, J. 2015. Effect of milling method, thermal treatment, and particle size of feed on exterior and interior egg quality in laying hens. European Journal of Poultry Science 79. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1399/eps.2015.76

14. Herrera J, Saldaña B, Guzmán P, Cámara L and Mateos G G. 2017. Influence of particle size of the main cereal of the diet on egg production, gastrointestinal tract traits, and body measurements of brown laying hens. Poultry Science 96(2): 440–48. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pew256

15. Hetland H, Svihus B and Olaisen V. 2002. Effect of feeding whole cereals on performance, starch digestibility and duodenal particle size distribution in broiler chickens. British Poultry Science 43(3): 416–23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00071660120103693

16. Kitto l D. 2017. ῾Effect of corn particle size milling on broiler, pullet, and layer growth, performance, and digestibility.᾿ MSc. Thesis. Penn State University

17. Koçer B, Bozkurt M, Küçükyilmaz K, Ege G, Akşit H, Orojpour A and Seyrek K. 2016. Effects of particle sizes and physical form of the diet on performance, egg quality and size of the digestive organs in laying hens. European Poultry Science 80: 223–30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1399/eps.2016.159

18. MacIsaacand J L and Anderson D M. 2007. Effect of whole wheat, enzyme supplementation and grain texture on the production performance of laying hens. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 87(4): 579–89. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4141/CJAS07051

19. Nir I, Hillel R, Shefet G and Nitsan Z. 1994. Effect of grain particle size on performance.: 2. grain texture interactions. Poultry Science 73(6): 781–91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0730781

20. Parsons A S, Buchanan N P, Blemings K P, Wilson M E and Moritz J S. 2006. Effect of corn particle size and pellet texture on broiler performance in the growing phase. Journal of Applied Poultry Research 15(2): 245–55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/japr/15.2.245

21. Pérez-Bonilla A, Frikha M, Lázaro R P and Mateos G G. 2014. Type of grinding of the main cereal of the diet affects production of brown egg-laying hens. Animal Feed Science and Technology 194: 121–30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.05.012

22. Reece F N, Lott B D and Deaton J W. 1985. The effects of feed form, grinding method, energy level, and gender on broiler performance in a moderate (21°C) environment. Poultry Science 64(10): 1834–39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0641834

23. Röhe I, Ruhnke I, Knorr F, Mader A, Boroojeni F G, Löwe R and Zentek J. 2014. Effects of grinding method, particle size, and physical form of the diet on gastrointestinal morphology and jejunal glucose transport in laying hens. Poultry Science 93(8): 2060–68. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2013-03783

24. Ruhnke I, Röhe I, Krämer C, Boroojeni F G, Knorr F, Mader A, and Zentek J. 2015. The effects of particle size, milling method, and thermal treatment of feed on performance, apparent ileal digestibility, and pH of the digesta in laying hens. Poultry Science 94(4): 692–99. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pev030

25. Safaa H M, Jiménez-Moreno E, Valencia D G, Frikha M, Serrano M P and Mateos G G. 2009. Effect of main cereal of the diet and particle size of the cereal on productive performance and egg quality of brown egg-laying hens in early phase of production. Poultry Science 88(3): 608–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2008-00328