Seasonal influence on follicular and luteal dynamics in dairy cows

HARISH KUMAR; PRAVESH KUMAR; AKSHAY SHARMA; PURURAVA SHARMA; VIJENDER NEGI; PANKAJ SOOD

doi:10.56093/ijans.v93i11.129728

Authors

HARISH KUMAR CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 062 India
PRAVESH KUMAR CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 062 India
AKSHAY SHARMA CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 062 India
PURURAVA SHARMA CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 062 India
VIJENDER NEGI CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 062 India
PANKAJ SOOD CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 062 India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i11.129728

Keywords:

Follicular dynamics, Seasonal variation, Temperature-humidity index

Abstract

The objective of study was to investigate the influence of season, viz. summer, winter, and isothermic (spring and autumn season), on follicular and luteal dynamics in dairy cows. Thirty dairy cows (n=10 in each season) were subjected to the ultrasonographic examination of ovarian structures, i.e. follicle and corpus luteum, during two- and three-follicular waves in an estrous cycle using B-mode and colour doppler mode of ultrasonography. The daily temperature-humidity index (THI) was recorded to envisage its variation among different seasons. In results, the size of the dominant follicle was recorded to be significantly different in all seasons during the second follicular wave. However, all other parameters for follicle, i.e. day of wave onset, length of growth phase, duration of dominance, the maximum diameter of the largest sub-ordinate follicle, as well as luteal morphometric analysis had no significant difference among different seasons. On the other part, the THI varied significantly in different seasons with maximum THI in the summer (72.54), followed by the isothermic (64.7) and lowest in the winter season (54.12). As a part of summation, the seasonal impact was barely noteworthy on different aspects of follicular and luteal dynamics except for the size of dominant and sub-ordinate follicle in dairy cows.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Badinga L, Thatcher W W, Wilcox C J, Morris G, Entwistle K and Wolfenson D. 1994. Effect of season on follicular dynamics and plasma concentrations of estradiol-17β, progesterone and leutenizing hormone in lactating Holstein cows. Theriogenology 42: 1263–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-691X(94)90246-F

Beam S W and Butler W R. 1997. Energy balance and ovarian follicle development prior to first ovulation postpartum in dairy cows receiving three levels of dietary fat. Biology of Reproduction 56: 133–42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod56.1.133

Biggers E B G, Geisert R D, Wetteman R P and Buchanan D S. 1987. Effect of heat stress on early embryonic development in the beef cow. Journal of Animal Science 64: 1512–18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1987.6451512x

Christopherson R J, Gonyou H W and Thompson J R. 1979. Effects of temperature and feed intake on plasma concentration of thyroid hormones in beef cattle. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 59: 655. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4141/cjas79-085

Dash S. 2013. ‘Genetic evaluation of fertility traits in relation to heat stress in Murrah buffaloes. Karnal, Haryana, India.’ M.V.Sc. Thesis. ICAR-NDRI (Deemed University).

Dobson H and Smith R F. 1995. Stress and reproduction in farm animals. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 49(Supplementary): 451–61.

Fernandez-Novo A, Pérez-Garnelo S S, Villagrá A, Pérez-Villalobos N and Astiz S. 2020. The effect of stress on reproduction and reproductive technologies in beef cattle-A review. Animals 10: 2096. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10112096

Gwazdauskas F C, Lineweaver J A and Vinson W E. 1980. Rates of conception by artificial insemination of dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science 64: 358–62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(81)82575-1

Howell J L, Fuquay J W and Smith A E. 1994. Corpus luteum growth and function in lactating Holstein cows during spring and summer. Journal of Dairy Science 77: 735–39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77007-7

Jaiswal R S, Singh J, Marshall L and Adams G P. 2009. Repeatability of 2- and 3-wave patterns during the bovine estrous cycle. Theriogenology 72: 81–90. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.02.014

Lüttgenau J and Bollwein H. 2014. Evaluation of bovine luteal blood flow by using color Doppler ultrasonography. Reproductive Biology 14: 103–09. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.repbio.2014.03.003

Mackey D R, Wylie A R G, Sreenan J M, Roche J F and Diskin M G. 2000. The effect of acute nutritional change on follicle wave turnover, gonadotropin, steroid concentration in beef heifers. Journal of Animal Science 78: 429–42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2527/2000.782429x

Morton J M Tranter W P Mayer D G and Jonsson N N. 2007. Effect of environmental heat on conception rates in lactating dairy cows: Critical periods of exposure. Journal of Dairy Science 90: 2271–78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-574

National Research Council. 1981. Effect of Environment on Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.

Peralta-Torres J A, Aké-López J R, Centurión-Castro F G and Segura-Correa J C. 2017. Effect of season and breed group on the follicular population and cyclicity of heifers under tropical conditions. Tropical Animal Health and Production 49: 207–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-016-1182-7

Rhodes R C, Randel R D and Long C R. 1982. Corpus luteum function in the bovine: in vivo and in vitro evidence for both a seasonal and breed type effect. Journal of Animal Science 55: 159–67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1982.551159x

Ronchi B, Stradaioli G, Verini Supplizi A, Bernabuci U, Lacetera N and Accorsi P A. 2001. Influence of heat stress or feed restriction on plasma progesterone, estradiol-17beta, LH, FSH, prolactin and cortisol in Holstein heifers. Livestock Production Science 68: 231–41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(00)00232-3

Roth Z, Arav A A, Bor Y, Zeron R, Braw-Tal and Wolfenson D. 2001. Improvement of quality of oocytes collected in the autumn by enhanced removal of impaired follicles from previously heat-stressed cows. Reproduction 122: 737–44. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1530/rep.0.1220737

Roth Z, Meidan R, Braw-Tal and Wolfenson D. 2000. Immediate and delayed effects of heat stress on follicular development and its association with plasma FSH and inhibin concentration in cows. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 120: 83–90. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1530/jrf.0.1200083

Sartori R, Rosa G J and Wiltbank M C. 2002. Ovarian structures and circulating steroids in heifers and lactating cows in summer and lactating and dry cows in winter. Journal of Dairy Science 85: 2813–22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74368-3

Satheshkumar S, Brindha K, Roy A, Devanathan T G, Kathiresan D and Kumanan K. 2015. Natural influence of season on follicular, luteal, and endocrinological turnover in Indian crossbred cows. Theriogenology 84: 19–23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.02.010

Schuller L K, Burfeind O and Heuwieser W. 2014. Impact of heat stress on conception rate of dairy cows in the moderate climate considering different temperature humidity index thresholds, periods relative to breeding, and heat load indices. Theriogenology 81: 1050–57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.01.029

Shehab-El-Deen M, Leroy J, Fadel M, Saleh S, Maes D and Van Soom A. 2010. Biochemical changes in the follicular fluid of the dominant follicle of high producing dairy cows exposed to heat stress early post-partum. Animal Reproduction Science 117: 189–200. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2009.04.013

Stagg K, Spicer L J, Sreenan J M, Roche J F and Diskin M G. 1998. Effect of calf isolation on follicular wave dynamics, gonadotrophin and metabolic hormone changes, and interval to first ovulation in beef cows fed either of two energy levels postpartum. Biology of Reproduction 59: 777–83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod59.4.777

Stahringer R C, Neuendorf D A and Randel R D. 1990. Seasonal variations in characteristics of estrous cycles in pubertal Brahman heifers. Theriogenology 34: 407–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-691X(90)90532-X

Stevenson J S, Schmidt M K and Call E P. 1983. Factors affecting reproductive performance of dairy cows first inseminated after five weeks postpartum. Journal of Dairy Science 66: 1148. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(83)81911-0

Torres-Júnior J R S, Pires M F A, de Sá W F, Ferreira A M, Viana J H M, Camargo L S A, Ramos A A, Folhadella I M, Polis-seni J, Freitas C, Clemente C A A, Sá Filho M F, Paula-Lopes F F and Baruselli P S. 2008. Effect of maternal heat-stress on follicular growth and oocyte competence in Bos indicus cattle. Theriogenology 69: 155–66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2007.06.023

Trout J P, McDowell L R and Hansen P J. 1998. Characteristics of the estrous cycle and antioxidant status of lactating Holstein cows exposed to heat stress. Journal of Dairy Science 81: 1244–50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(98)75685-1

Wilson S J, Kirby C J, Koenigsfeld A T, Keisler D H and Lucy M C. 1998b. Effects of controlled heat stress on ovarian function of dairy cattle: 2. Heifers. Journal of Dairy Science 81: 2132–38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(98)75789-3

Wilson S J, Marion R S, Spain J N, Spiers D E, Keisler D H and Lucy M C. 1998a. Effects of controlled heat stress on ovarian function of dairy cattle: 1. Lactating cows. Journal of Dairy Science 81: 2124–31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(98)75788-1

Wolfenson D, Sonego H, Bloch A, Shaham-Albalancy A, Kaim M, Folman Y and Meidan R. 2002. Seasonal differences in progesterone production by luteinized bovine thecal and granulosa cells. Domestic Animal Endocrinology 22(2): 81–90. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0739-7240(01)00127-8