Molecular characterization of the hypervariable regions of S1 gene of infectious bronchitis virus isolates

NIRANJANA S  RAJALAKSHMI; SURYA  SANKAR; ANU  BOSEWELL; M  MINI; BINU K  MANI; SRUTHY CHANDRAN  B

doi:10.56093/ijans.v94i2.137355

Authors

NIRANJANA S RAJALAKSHMI College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Kerala 680 651 India
SURYA SANKAR College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Kerala 680 651 India
ANU BOSEWELL College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Kerala 680 651 India
M MINI College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Kerala 680 651 India
BINU K MANI College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Kerala 680 651 India
SRUTHY CHANDRAN B College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Kerala 680 651 India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v94i2.137355

Keywords:

Hypervariable region, Infectious bronchitis virus, Phylogenetic analysis, Sequencing

Abstract

A preliminary study was conducted for the detection of the infectious bronchitis virus circulating among the poultry flocks of Kerala employing a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, where, a high prevalence of the virus was reported. The present study is the first comprehensive study pertaining to the molecular characterization of hypervariable regions of the S1 gene of IBV in Kerala. The positive samples were sequenced with primers targeting the three hypervariable regions of the S1 subunit of spike gene. It was observed that the isolates of Kerala shared more than 95% similarity with isolates from different parts of India. On phylogenetic analysis of hypervariable regions 1 and 2, all the Kerala isolates clustered with isolates from other parts of the country. Phylogenetic analysis of the hypervariable region 3 revealed that the Kerala isolates branched separately from the isolates belonging to different parts of India. The study advocated the need of an area specific vaccine in Kerala, employing the potential candidate vaccine strain isolated in the study.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Al-Mubarak A I and Al-Kubati A A. 2020. Cocirculation of four infectious bronchitis virus lineages in broiler chickens in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia from 2012 to 2014. Veterinary Medicine International 2020: 1–10.

Andreasen Jr J R, Jackwood M W and Hilt D A. 1991. Polymerase chain reaction amplification of the genome of infectious bronchitis virus. Avian Diseases 35(1): 216–20.

Bande F, Arshad S S, Omar A R, Bejo M H, Abubakar M S and Abba Y. 2016. Pathogenesis and diagnostic approaches of avian infectious bronchitis. Advances in Virolology 2016: 1–11.

Cavanagh D. 2005. Coronaviruses in poultry and other birds. Avian Pathology 34(6): 439–48.

Cavanagh D and Naqi S A. 1997. Infectious bronchitis, pp. 511–26.

Disease of poultry. 10th Edition. (Eds) Calnek B W, Barns J H, Beard C W, McDougald L R and Saif Y M. Iowa, lowa State University Press.

Fellahi S, El Harrak M, Kuhn J H, Sebbar G, Bouaiti E A, Khataby K, Fihri O F, El Houadfi M and Ennaji M M. 2016. Comparison of SYBR green I real-time RT-PCR with conventional agarose gel-based RT-PCR for the diagnosis of infectious bronchitis virus infection in chickens in Morocco. BMC Research Notes 9(1): 231.

Gallardo R A. 2021. Infectious bronchitis virus variants in chickens: Evolution, surveillance, control and prevention. Australasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences 53(1): 55–62.

Ganapathy K, Ball C, Baylis M, Tirumurugaan K G, Suwetha K R, Gowthaman V, Senthilvel K, Murthy K G, Kannaki R, Pankaj D and Chhabra R. 2020. QX-like infectious bronchitis virus reported in India. Veterinary Record 186: 69–70.

Haqshenas G, Assasi K and Akrami H. 2005. Isolation and molecular characterization of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) Shiraz3 isolate by RT PCR and restriction enzyme analysis. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research 6: 92–94.

Icochea E, Gonzalez R, Castro-Sanguinetti G, Maturrano L, Alzamora L, Sesti L, Chacon J and More-Bayona J. 2023. Genetic analysis of infectious bronchitis virus S1 gene reveals novel amino acid changes in the GI-16 lineage in Peru. Microorganisms 11(3): 691.

Jackwood M W, Hilt D A, Lee C W, Kwon H M, Callison S A, Moore K M, Moscoso H, Sellers H and Thayer S. 2005. Data from 11 years of molecular typing infectious bronchitis virus field isolates. Avian Diseases 49(4): 614–18.

Jia W, Karaca K, Parrish C R and Naqi S A. 1995. A novel variant of avian infectious bronchitis virus resulting from recombination among three different strains. Archives of Virology 140: 259–71.

Lee C W, Hilt D A and Jackwood M W. 2003. Typing of field isolates of infectious bronchitis virus based on the sequence of the hypervariable region in the S1 gene. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 15: 344–48.

Martin M P, Wakenell P S, Woolcock P and O’connor B. 2007. Evaluation of the effectiveness of two infectious bronchitis virus vaccine programs for preventing disease caused by a California IBV field isolate. Avian Diseases 51(2): 584–89.

Montassier H J. 2010. Molecular epidemiology and evolution of avian infectious bronchitis virus. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Sciences 12(2): 87–96.

Pohuang T, Chansiripornchai N, Tawatsin A and Sasipreeyajan J. 2009. Detection and molecular characterization of infectious bronchitis virus isolated from recent outbreaks in broiler flocks in Thailand. Journal of Veterinary Science 10(3): 219–23.

Raja A, Raj G D and Kumanan K. 2020. Emergence of variant avian infectious bronchitis virus in India. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research 21: 33–39.

Rajalakshmi N S, Sankar S, Boswell A, Mini M, Mani B K and Sruthy C B. 2023. Detection of Infectious bronchitis virus in chicken in Kerala by real time Taqman RT-PCR assay. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 93(6): 556–60

Shyma K, Sankar S, Aravindakshan T, Krithiga K, Bosewell A, Sarika N and Mini M. 2018. Isolation and molecular detection of infectious bronchitis virus isolates from chicken. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 7(10): 2858–66.

Siddell S G, Walker P J, Lefkowitz E J, Mushegian AR, Adams M J, Dutilh B E, Gorbalenya A E, Harrach B, Harrison R L, Junglen S and Knowles N J. 2019. Additional changes to taxonomy ratified in a special vote by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Archives of Virology 164(3): 943–46.

Vermeulen C J, Dijkman R, de Wit J J, Bosch B J, Heesterbeek J A P and van Schaik G. 2023. Genetic analysis of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in vaccinated poultry populations over a period of 10 years. Avian Pathology 52(3): 1–11.

Wang C H and Huang Y C. 2000. Relationship between serotypes and genotypes based on the hypervariable region of the S1 gene of infectious bronchitis virus. Archives of Virology 145(2): 291–300.

Zhou J Y, Wu J X, Cheng L Q, Zheng X J, Gong H, Shang S B and Zhou E M. 2003. Expression of immunogenic S1 glycoprotein of infectious bronchitis virus in transgenic potatoes. Journal of Virology 77(16): 9090–93.