Isolation and histopathological analysis of Lumpy skin disease virus in embryonated chicken eggs

SAIKUMAR G; RAMANI PUSHPA  RN; SUPRIYA  AR; SURYA RANI  CH

doi:10.56093/ijans.v95i9.147657

Authors

SAIKUMAR G Dept. of Vet. Microbiology, SOVAS, CUTM, Paralakhemundi, Odisha-761211
RAMANI PUSHPA RN Professor, Dept. of Vet. Microbiology, NTRCVSc, SVVU, Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh-521101
SUPRIYA AR College of Veterinary Science, SVVU, Garividi, Andhra Pradesh-535101
SURYA RANI CH NTRCVSc, SVVU, Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh-521101

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v95i9.147657

Keywords:

Embryonated chicken eggs, Histopathology, Lumpy skin disease virus, PCR, Phylogenetic analysis

Abstract

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) has emerged as a major transboundary viral disease of cattle in recent years, causing substantial economic losses. The present work focused on isolation and molecular characterization of LSD virus (LSDV) field strains from Andhra Pradesh using embryonated chicken eggs (ECE) as an experimental host system. Skin scab samples collected from clinically suspected cattle were first examined using Capripoxvirus-specific PCR. The positive samples were inoculated into the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of 10-day-old ECEs to study the virus’s growth pattern. After several passages, infected CAMs showed congestion, haemorrhage, thickening, and discrete white pock-like foci. Histopathological examination revealed degeneration of epithelial cells, vascular congestion, haemorrhage, and eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions typical of Poxvirus infections. The LSDV presence in CAM was confirmed by PCR targeting the F gene. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that Andhra Pradesh isolates clustered with previously reported isolates from Odisha, Tamil Nadu, and West Bengal. The study concludes that isolation of LSDV in ECE is a practical, economical diagnostic method, though adaptation is variable due to strain heterogeneity.

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