Epidemiology and management of parasitic infestations in Indian major carps in extensive culture systems of Andhra Pradesh, India

CH  BALAKRISHNA; B MADHUSUDHANA  RAO; A DEVIVARAPRASAD  REDDY; P  DHARMAKAR; N RANJIT  KUMAR; D  CHINNAMNAIDU; K BHAGYA  LAKSHMI; S  NEELAVENI; S KIRAN  KUMAR; E  KARUNASREE; J V  PRASAD

doi:10.56093/ijans.v94i11.149895

Authors

CH BALAKRISHNA Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh
B MADHUSUDHANA RAO ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, Maharashtra
A DEVIVARAPRASAD REDDY Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Dr. Y.S.R Horticultural University, Venkataramannagudem, Andhra Pradesh
P DHARMAKAR Fisheries Research Station, Andhra Pradesh Fisheries University, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh
N RANJIT KUMAR ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, Kerala
D CHINNAMNAIDU Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh
K BHAGYA LAKSHMI Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh
S NEELAVENI Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh
S KIRAN KUMAR Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh
E KARUNASREE Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Dr. Y.S.R Horticultural University, Venkataramannagudem, Andhra Pradesh
J V PRASAD ICAR-Agricultural Technology Application Research Institute, Zone X, Hyderabad, Telangana

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v94i11.149895

Keywords:

Andhra Pradesh, Carps, Disease management, Epidemiology, Fish culture, Fish parasites, Monogeneans, Myxosporean

Abstract

The occurrence of parasitic infestations in Indian major carps (IMCs) culture systems are seen regularly and is regarded as one the major bottle neck in fresh water fish culture practices causing significant loss to farmers. This study aimed to isolate and identify parasitic threats affecting IMCs in community and panchayat tanks, by characterizing the severity of infestations. The investigation spanned four distinct sites, viz. Srikakulam, Vizianagaram, East Godavari, and West Godavari districts in Andhra Pradesh, India. Approximately, 80-100 infected fish were examined per site, with documentation of gross clinical signs and parasitic burden. Dactylogyrus spp., Gyrodactylus spp., Myxobolus spp., and Thelohanellus spp. were identified as the primary parasitic agents affecting the carp populations. Infested fish exhibited characteristic symptoms, including respiratory distress, skin darkening, and increased mortality rates. The findings confirmed parasitic infestations as a major challenge in cultivable fish ponds. Notably, Catla catla and Labeo rohita displayed higher susceptibility to Dactylogyrus spp. and myxozoans (Myxobolus spp. and Thelohanellus spp.), respectively. For effective management of parasitic infestation in carp culture, adoption of standard disease management procedures such as applying 25 kg/ha of common salt and 1 L/ha of formalin resulted in lower mortality (1-4%) in experimental tanks in comparison with control tanks (5-13.5%). This study enhances our comprehension of management and preventive approaches for reducing diseases caused by myxozoan and monogenean parasites in aquaculture systems.

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