Isolation and molecular characterization of Clostridium difficile in animal faeces, animal-derived foods, and human samples from Andhra Pradesh

N NAGARJUNA  REDDY; T SRINIVASA  RAO; CH BINDU  KIRANMAYI; CH SUDHA  RANI; S  SAHITYA; A JAGADEESH  BABU

doi:10.56093/ijans.v95i2.158886

Authors

N NAGARJUNA REDDY NTR-CVSC, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh 521102, India
T SRINIVASA RAO NTR-CVSC, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh 521102, India
CH BINDU KIRANMAYI NTR-CVSC, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh 521102, India
CH SUDHA RANI NTR-CVSC, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh 521102, India
S SAHITYA NTR-CVSC, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh 521102, India
A JAGADEESH BABU NTR-CVSC, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh 521102, India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v95i2.158886

Keywords:

Antibiotic Associated Diarrhoea, CDI, Clostridium difficile, Food animals, Foods of animal origin

Abstract

A total of 350 samples including 175 faecal swabs from livestock, 125 samples from animal-derived foods, and 50 human stool samples, were examined. Both bacterial culture methods and PCR techniques were employed to detect Clostridium difficile species. The analysis indicated that 2.8% of the tested samples were positive for C. difficile through species-specific PCR. Among the faecal samples from livestock, pigs and calves showed a higher prevalence (4%). In the category of animal-derived foods, chicken samples had a notable prevalence (8%), while mutton samples had a lower prevalence (2%). Additionally, 8% of the human stool samples tested positive for difficile. Using bacterial culture methods, 52 isolates (14.8%) of C. difficile were identified. The application of species-specific PCR, targeting gene (tpi) further validated the presence of C. difficile in faecal samples from animals, animal-derived foods, and humans in Andhra Pradesh, India.

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