Enhancing Livestock Health Services in India: An Analytical Study of Para-veterinary Workforce and Service Delivery

Vikash Kumar

doi:10.56093/ijans.v95i11.172339

Authors

Vikash Kumar ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v95i11.172339

Keywords:

Analytical Hierarchical Process, Competency Assessment Index, Para-vets, SWOT analysis

Abstract

Para-veterinarians play pivotal role in the delivery of minor veterinary services and last-mile animal health services (AHS) in India, yet their competencies, recognition, and integration within formal veterinary systems are limited. This study assessed para-vets’ competencies and factors influencing AHS delivery across four states—Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Haryana—using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and a Competency Assessment Index (CAI). A total of 160 para-vets were randomly selected. SWOT analysis revealed that strengths (0.368) and opportunities (0.295) outweighed weaknesses (0.247) and threats (0.151). Empathetic behavior, cultural compatibility, and wider service coverage were the most influential strengths, while poor morale, unclear job profiles, and technical skill gaps were key weaknesses. Opportunities included formal recognition and career advancement, whereas threats involved low policy support and misuse of veterinary drugs. Competency assessment indicated highest proficiency in “controlling and handling of animals” (0.410) and “assisting in veterinary extension services” (0.401), with lowest in “services at farmer’s doorstep” (0.187); mean CAI was 0.337. Nearly half of para-vets (48.75%) fell in the medium competency category. These findings highlight the urgent need for capacity building, standardized curricula, policy interventions, and structured career pathways. Strengthening collaboration between veterinarians and para-vets can enhance efficiency, accessibility, and accountability in AHS delivery, ultimately improving livestock health and productivity in India.

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Author Biography

Vikash Kumar, ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001

Ph.D. (Agricultural Extension Education)
ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal

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