Ultrasonographic characterization and echo-biometric indices of mammary gland in Jersey and Jersey crossbred cattle.
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v96i8.175472Keywords:
B-mode ultrasonography, Dairy cattle, Doppler indices, Echotexture, Mammary artery, MastitisAbstract
The present study was conducted to establish baseline ultrasonographic echo-architecture and echo-biometric indices of the mammary gland in healthy cattle and to evaluate their diagnostic utility in mastitic cattle. The study was carried out on lactating Jersey and Jersey crossbred cattle of first to third parity and comprised two phases: standardization phase involving 15 healthy cattle and a clinical application phase involving 30 mastitic cattle. Animals were categorized as healthy and diseased based on clinical examination and screening tests including CMT, BTB and pH test. B-mode ultrasonography of the mammary gland, and Doppler ultrasonography of mammary artery were performed. On ultrasonographic examination, alterations in mammary parenchyma were seen in diseased cattle as compared to the normal homogeneous and hypoechoic parenchymal echotexture of healthy cattle. The mean ± SE values of echo-biometric parameters in healthy group were 10.48 ± 0.20 mm, 2.19 ± 0.07 mm, 9.03 ± 0.59 mm, 7.97 ± 0.16 mm and 36.80 ± 1.30 mm for TCL, DFR, DTCm, TWTm and DGC respectively which were significantly and non-significantly increased in diseased cattle. Supramammary lymph node dimensions of healthy cattle showed significant increase in diseased cattle. Echo-biometric indices of mammary artery i.e. RI and PI were significantly lowered in diseased cattle. No significant change was observed in milk vein diameter. The study highlights the relevance of ultrasonographic echotexture assessment and Doppler echo-biometric evaluation of mammary artery as important diagnostic indicators of inflammatory status and vascular alterations associated with mastitis.
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