Genetic characterization of farm animal genetic resources of India: A review
1002 / 612
Authors
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B K Joshi
National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
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MONIKA SODHI
National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
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M MUKESH
National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
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B P MISHRA
National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
Keywords:
Animal genetic resources, Farm animals, Characterization, Diversity, Microsatellite, Molecular characterization, Native breedsAbstract
India’s vast native animal genetic resources have evolved over generations to adapt to the different agro-climatic conditions and to meet the socio-economic needs of people. In recent past, a number of native breeds are facing fast genetic degradation and dilution because of intensive production system and unplanned introduction and use of exotic germplasm. This scenario, if continued, might result in depletion of the invaluable native germplasm having better potentiality for production, draught capacity, resistance to diseases and heat tolerance ability. Awareness of the value of genetic resources for sustaining the animal agriculture system has lead to several tangible efforts to understand the existing genetic diversity of indigenous livestock breeds of our country. The application of DNA based markers particularly, the microsatellites, has been well documented in different livestock species worldwide for characterization of livestock genetic resources. This information is valuable for filling gaps in documentation of breeds. The National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources has taken a step forward in a holistic manner for complete breed characterization using phenotypic and genotypic information. Various research programs have been undertaken for molecular genetic characterization of native breeds of livestock and poultry breeds using microsatellite markers. The compiled information on molecular genetic characterization of indigenous farm animal breeds reviewed here would be helpful in better understanding of the farm animal biodiversity and formulating action plans on inventorization, conservation and management of animal genetic resources of our country.
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