Response to strategic dietary mineral mixture supplementation in cattle and buffaloes under field condition (Hill region) of Nainital district of Uttarakhand

S K TIWARI; ANIL KUMAR; D P TIWARI; B C MONDAL; P C SAXENA

doi:10.56093/ijans.v82i11.25160

Authors

S K TIWARI Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263 145 India
ANIL KUMAR Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263 145 India
D P TIWARI Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263 145 India
B C MONDAL Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263 145 India
P C SAXENA Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263 145 India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v82i11.25160

Keywords:

Area specific mineral mixture, Buffaloes, Cattle, Milk yield, Reproductive performance, Serum mineral profile

Abstract

Calcium, phosphorus, zinc, manganese and copper were found below the critical level in soil, feeds and blood serum of cattle and buffaloes in hill region of Nainital district of Uttarakhand. A study was, therefore conducted to see the effect of dietary supplementation of these minerals as area specific mineral mixture in cattle and buffaloes on reproductive performance, milk yield, their profile in blood serum under field condition in four villages of Nainital district. The calcium, phosphorus, zinc, manganese and copper were supplemented in the form of feed (mineral) mixture which contained ground maize 32.80%, mustard cake 48.69%, di-calcium phosphate 17.85%, copper sulphate 0.12%, manganese sulphate 0.30% and zinc sulphate 0.24%. Fifteen animals (cattle and buffaloes) of different physiological status from each village were selected. Each selected animal was provided 250 g feed mixture daily in order to supply 12 g calcium, 5 g phosphorus, 250 mg zinc, 175 mg manganese and 60 mg copper over and above already present in the ration of animals provided by the farmers for 45 days. The incidence of the anoestrus and repeat breeding cases decreased due to dietary supplementation of area specific mineral mixture. Milk yield was increased and remained persistent in lactating (pregnant) and lactating (non-pregnant) animals. The SGPT, SGOT and ALP activities increased in all categories of animals but were within the normal range. Blood serum calcium and phosphorus concentrations were also increased significantly and reached above their critical levels (8.00 mg/dl and 4.00 mg/dl respectively) in all categories of animals. The serum zinc, manganese and copper concentration also increased but not significantly due to dietary supplementation of these minerals. It was concluded that area specific mineral mixture supplementation in the ration is inevitable in amelioration of reproductive problems and in improving the milk production, reproductive performance and mineral profile in cattle and buffaloes under field condition of Kumaun hill region.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

S K TIWARI, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263 145 India
ANIL KUMAR, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263 145 India
D P TIWARI, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263 145 India
B C MONDAL, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263 145 India
P C SAXENA, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263 145 India

References

AICRP. 2006. Annual Report. AICRP on Improvement of Feed Resources and Nutrient Utilization in Raising Animal Production. G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar.

AOAC. 1995. Official Methods of Analysis. 15th edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, D.C.

Divya, Tiwari D P and Kumar A. 2009. Effect of different levels of undegradable dietary protein and plane of nutrition on the performance of growing crossbred heifers. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 79(5): 498–503.

Fiske C H and Subbarow Y. 1925. The colorimetric determination of phosphorus. Journal of Biological Chemistry 66: 375–78.

Gimbi A A, Kimambo A E, Kanuya N L, Mtenga L A, Laswai G H and Madsenm J. 2004. Effect of concentrate supplementation on plasma minerals and performance of smallholder dairy cattle. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences 13(1): 487–90.

Mahanta S K, Khan S A and Bedi S P S. 2004. Effect of supplementation of phosphorus on nutrient utilization in buffaloes. Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition 21(3): 164–68. Miles W H and Mc Dowell L R. 1983. Mineral deficiency on the Llanos ranges. World Animal Review 46: 2–10.

Mudgal V, Mehta M K, Rane A S and Nanavati S. 2003. A survey on feeding practices and nutritional status of dairy animals in Madhya Pradesh. Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition 20(2): 217–20.

NRC. 2001. Nutritional Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 7th Rev. edn. National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C.

Prabowo A, McDowell L R, Wilkinson N S, Wilcox C J and Conrad J H. 1990. Mineral status comparisons between grazing cattle and water buffalo in south sulanesia, Indonesia. Buffalo Journal 1: 17–22.

Sastry V R B, Karma D N and Pathak N N. 1999. Laboratory Manual of Animal Nutrition. Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Saxena P C, Tiwari D P, Kumar A, Mondal B C and Sharma R J. 2008. Dietary copper and phosphorus supplementation to cattle and buffaloes on production performance under field condition in plain region of Uttarakhand. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 78(10): 1138–43.

Sharma J, Kumar A, Tiwari, D P and Mondal B C. 2009. Effect of dietary supplementation of calcium, copper and manganese on production performance of dairy cattle in Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 79(7): 686– 91.

Shukla S, Tiwari D P, Kumar A, Mondal B and Upadhayay A K. 2009. Macro and micro mineral profile in soil, feedstuffs and animals in Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 79 (12): 1258–62.

Snedecor D W and Cochran W G. 1994. Statistical Methods. 8th edn. Iowa University Press, Iowa, USA.

Tiwary M K, Tiwari, D P, Kumar A and Mondal B C. 2007. Existing feeding practices, nutrient availability and reproductive status of dairy cattle and buffaloes in Haridwar district of Uttarakhand. Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology Sciences 7(2): 177–185.

Wu Z and Satter L D. 2000. Milk production and reproductive performance of dairy cows fed two concentrations of phosphorus for two years. Journal of Dairy Science 83: 1052–63.

Wu Z, Satter L D, Blohowiak A J, Stauffacher R H and Wilson J H. 2001. Milk production, estimated phosphorus excretion and bone characteristics of dairy cows fed different amounts of phosphorus for two or three years. Journal of Dairy Science 84: 1738–48.

Young D. 1995. Effects of Pre-analytical Variables on Clinical Laboratory Tests. 2nd edn. AACC Press, Washington, p 489.