Effect of enzyme supplementation on the digestibility, blood biochemical and performance of crossbred gilts fed diets with increasing levels of rice bran

N M SOREN; R BHAR; A B MANDAL

doi:10.56093/ijans.v84i7.42127

Authors

N M SOREN Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243 122 India
R BHAR Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243 122 India
A B MANDAL Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243 122 India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v84i7.42127

Keywords:

Blood biochemical, Enzymes supplementation, estrus, Growth, Pigs, Rice bran

Abstract

Influence of increasing levels (0.0–RB 0, 410 g/kg-RB1 and 820 g/kg-RB2) of rice bran (RB) along with or without feed enzyme (E) supplementation was studied for growth, nutrient utilization, blood biochemical and oestrous in crossbred gilts for 112 days. Pigs (54) were randomly divided into 6 groups and each treatment was replicated 3 times and 3 gilts were housed together in a pen to form the experimental unit. The enzyme complex contained cellulase, ß-glucosidase, xylanase, α-amylase and protease. Feed intake, growth rate, feed: gain was similar but decreased due to the increase in dietary level of rice bran in RB2. DM intake, ADG and feed utilization efficiency was similar in the control and 410 g/kg rice bran incorporated diets, while it reduced significantly in RB2 diet in comparison to control. The digestibility of all the nutrients, except ether extract (EE) was reduced as the proportion of RB increased in the diets. The groups fed rice bran at higher level had lower serum glucose level than any other diets. Enzyme addition to RB2 improved blood glucose level than control. Enzyme supplementation decrease the duration of estrous (h) in gilts fed on RB based diets. It was concluded that addition of feed enzymes did not improve the performance of crossbred gilts fed on diets containing higher level of rice bran.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Alu S E, Kaankuka F G and Oluremi O I A. 2009. Effect of Nutrase xyla® enzyme supplementation on nutrient digestibility by weaner pigs fed low or high fibre diets. Production Agriculture and Technology 5: 327–34.

AOAC 1995. Official Methods of Analysis. 1 vol. 16th edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Washington D C, USA.

Doumas B T. 1975. Standards for total serum protein assays-A collaborative study. Clinical Chemistry 21: 1159–66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/21.8.1159

Doumas B T, Watson W A and Biggs H G. 1971. Albumin standards and the measurement of serum albumin with bromocresol green. Clinical Chemistry Acta 31: 87–97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(71)90365-2

Dyck G W. 1988. Factors influencing sexual maturation, puberty and reproductive efficiency in the gilts. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 68: 1–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4141/cjas88-001

Haberer B, Schulz E, Aulrich K and Flachowsky, G. 1999. Influence of NSP degrading enzymes on pH, ammonia and volatile fatty acids concentration in the stomach and small intestine of growing pigs. Journal of Animal and Feed Science 8: 457–66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/69111/1999

Hultmann E. 1959. Rapid specific method for determination of aldohexoses (aldosaccharides) in body fluids. Nature London 103: 108–09. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/183108a0

Kerr B J and Shurson G C. 2013. Strategies to improve fiber utilization in swine. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 4: 11. doi: 10.1186/2049–1891–4–11 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/2049-1891-4-11

Miller G L 1959. Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Analytical Chemistry 31: 426–28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60147a030

Ngoc T T B, Len N T, Ogle B and Lindberg J E. 2011. Influence of particle size and multi-enzyme supplementation of fibrous diets on total tract digestibility and performance of weaning (8–20kg) and growing (20–40kg) pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology 169: 86–95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.05.004

O’Shea C J, Sweeney T, Lynch M B, Gahan D A, Callan J J and O’Doherty J V. 2010. Effect of ß-glucans contained in barley- and oat-based diets and exogenous enzyme supplementation on gastrointestinal fermentation of finisher pigs and subsequent manure odor and ammonia emissions. Journal of Animal Science 88: 1411–20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2009-2115

Sastry V R B, Kamra D N, and Pathak N N. 1999. Laboratory Manual of Animal Nutrition. pp.187–94. Center of Advanced Studies in Animal Nutrition, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, U.P. India.

Shewale J G and Sadana J C. 1978. Cellulase and ß-glucosidase by a basidomycete species. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 24: 1204–16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/m78-195

Snedecor G W and Cochran W G 1989. Statistical Methods. 8th edn. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa.

Soren N M, Bhar R, Chhabra A K and Mandal A B 2004. Utilization of energy and protein in local Indian crossbred gilts fed diets containing different levels of rice bran. Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 17: 688–92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2004.688

Soren N M, Bhar R, Chhabra A K and Mandal, A B 2003. Performance of crossbred gilts fed on diets with higher levels of fat and fibre through addition of rice bran. Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 16: 1650–55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2003.1650

Thirumurugan P, Chhabra A K, Bhar R and Soren N M. 2008. Economics of pig rearing on rice bran based diets. Indian Veterinary Journal 85: 1302–05.

van Wettere W H E J, Mitchell M, Revell D K and Hughes P E. 2011. Nutritional restriction of pre-pubertal live weight gain impairs ovarian follicle growth and oocyte developmental competence of replacement gilts. Theriogenology 75: 1301– 10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.12.001

Wang M Q, Xu Z R, Sun J Y and Kim B G. 2008. Effects of enzyme supplementation on growth, intestinal content viscosity, and digestive enzyme activities in growing pigs fed rough rice-based diet. Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 21: 270–76. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2008.70289

Warren B E and Farrell D J. 1990. The nutritive value of full fat rice and defatted Australian rice bran. I. Chemical composition. Animal Feed Science and Technology 27: 219–28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(90)90084-L

Wenk C. 2000. Recent advances in animal feed additives such as metabolic modifiers, antimicrobial agents, probiotics, enzymes and highly available minerals- Review. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 13: 86–95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2000.86

Wybenga D R, Giorgio J D and Pileggi V J. 1971. Manual and automated methods for urea nitrogen measurement in whole serum. Clinical Chemistry 17: 891–95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/17.9.891

Wybenga D R, Pileggi V J, Dirstine P H and Giorgio J D. 1970. Direct manual determination of serum total cholesterol with a single stable reagent. Clinical Chemistry 16: 980–84. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/16.12.980

Yin Y L, Baidoo S K, Schulze H and Simmins P H 2001. Effect of supplementing diets containing hullless barley varieties having different levels of non-starch polysaccharides with ß- glucanase and xylanase on the physiological status of the gastrointestinal tract and nutrient digestibility of weaned pigs. Livestock Production Science 71: 97–107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(01)00214-7