Effect of pre-partum supplementation of rumen protected methionine plus lysine and choline on the performance of crossbred cows

S A AMRUTKAR; S P PAWAR; S S THAKUR; NEELAM KEWALRAMANI; JASMINE KAUR

doi:10.56093/ijans.v86i1.55022

Authors

S A AMRUTKAR ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132 001 India
S P PAWAR Khalsa College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Amritsar
S S THAKUR ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132 001 India
NEELAM KEWALRAMANI ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132 001 India
JASMINE KAUR GADVASU, Ludhiana

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v86i1.55022

Keywords:

Choline, Cows, Lysine, Rumen protected methionine

Abstract

The study was conducted to determine rumen escape potential (REP) of commercial rumen protected methionine (RPM), lysine (RPL) and choline (RPC) products and to examine the effect of supplementing RPM plus RPL and RPC on the performance of preparturient crossbred cows. Crossbred cows (27; 2nd to 4th lactation) were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 9 animals each, on the basis of most probable production ability (MPPA). Cows in control group (T1), were fed basal diet as per NRC (2001). The cows in second group (T2), were supplemented with 5 g RPM and 20 g RPL, and those in third group (T3), were fed 54 g RPC per cow/day for 40 days pre-partum. In sacco study revealed that REP of RPM, RPL and RPC was 75.20, 54.97 and 72.89%, respectively. Supplementation of RPM plus RPL and RPC resulted in higher body condition score (BCS) in crossbred cows on the day of parturition. Nutrient intake was similar among the groups, except that duodenal supply of methionine and lysine was higher in T2 group. Plasma triglycerides, VLDL (very low density lipoproteins) and phosphatidylcholine levels were higher in T2 and T3 groups while vitamin E level was higher in T3 group, on the day of parturition, indicating better immune status. It was concluded that fortification of ration with RPM plus RPL and RPC resulted in improved body condition score, duodenal supply of methionine and lysine and better immune status in cows during prepartum period.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Amrutkar S. 2011. ‘Response of rumen protected methionine and lysine supplementation on lactation and reproductive performance in periparturient dairy cows.’ Ph.D. Thesis, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India.

AOAC. 2005. Official Methods of Analysis. 18th edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC.

Berthiaume R P, Dubreuil M, Stevenson B W, McBride and Lapierre H. 2001. Intestinal disappearance, mesenteric and portal appearance of amino acids in dairy cows fed ruminally protected methionine. Journal of Dairy Science 84: 194–203. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74469-4

Chatterjee A and Walli T K. 2003. Effect of formaldehyde treatment on effective protein degradability and in vitro post- ruminal digestibility of mustard cake. Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition 20 (2): 143–48.

Christensen R A, Cameron M R, Clark J H, Drackley J K, Lynch J M and Barbano D M. 1994. Effects of amount of protein and ruminally protected amino acids in the diet of dairy cows fed supplemental fat. Journal of Dairy Science 77: 1618–29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77104-6

Emmanuel B and Kennelly J J. 1984. Kinetics of methionine and choline and their incorporation into plasma lipids and milk components in lactating goat. Journal of Dairy Science 67: 1912–18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(84)81524-6

ICAR. 2013. Nutrient Composition of Indian Feeds and Fodder. Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India.

Lara A, Mendoza G D, Landois L , Barcena R, Sanchez-Torres M T, Rojo R, Ayala J, Vega S. 2006. Milk production in Holstein cows supplemented with different levels of ruminally protected methionine. Livestock Science 105: 105–08. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2006.04.032

Mehrez A Z and Orskov E R. 1977. A study on the artificial fibre bag technique for determining the digestibility of feeds in the rumen. Journal of Agricultural Science 88: 645. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600037321

Mohsen M K, Gaafar H M A, Khalafalla M M, Shitta A A and Yousif A M. 2011. Effect of rumen protected choline supplementation on digestibility, rumen activity and milk yield in lactating Friesian cows. Slovak Journal of Animal Science 44 (1):13–20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S2040470010001597

NDDB. 2012. Nutritive Value of Commonly Available Feeds and Fodders in India. Animal Nutrition Group, National Dairy Development Board, Anand, Gujarat.

Noziere P and Michalet-Doreau B. 2000. In Sacco Methods. Farm Animal Metabolism and Nutrition. pp.233–53. (Ed.) D’Mello J P F. CAB International, Walliford, UK. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1079/9780851993782.0233

NRC. 2001. Nutrient Requirement of Dairy Cattle. 7th revised edn. National academy Press, Washington, DC.

Osuji P O, Nsalai I V and Khalili H. 1993. Special methods for measuring digestibility. ILCA Manual 5: 3–19.

Piepenbrink M S, Overton T R and Clark J H. 1996. Response of cows fed a low crude protein diet to ruminally protected methionine and lysine. Journal of Dairy Science 79: 1638– 46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(96)76527-X

Roche J F. 2006. The effect of nutritional management of the dairy cow on reproductive efficiency. Animal Reproduction Science 96: 282–96. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2006.08.007

SAS®. 2003. User’s Guide: Statistics, Version 9.1, Statistical Analysis System, SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, New York, USA.

Sharma B K and Erdman R A. 1989. Effects of dietary and abomasally infused choline on milk production responses of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Nutrition 119: 248–54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/119.2.248

Sheikh. 2012. ‘Nutrient utilization in lactating cows fed with rumen protected methionine, lysine and choline.’ M.V.Sc. thesis, NDRI, Karnal, India.

Shipe W F, Senyk G F and Fountain K B. 1980. Modified copper soap solvent extraction method for measuring free fatty acids in milk. Journal of Dairy Science 63: 193–98. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(80)82913-4

Socha M T, Putnam D E, Garthwaite B D, Whitehouse N L, Kierstead N A, Schwab C G, Ducharme G A and Robert J C. 2005. Improving intestinal amino acid supply of pre- and postpartum dairy cows with rumen-protected methionine and lysine. Journal of Dairy Science 88: 1113–26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72778-8

Swanepoel N, Robinson P H and Erasmus L J. 2011. Amino acid needs of lactating dairy cows: impact of feeding lysine in a ruminally protected form on productivity of lactating dairy cows. Animal Feed Science Technology 157: 79–94. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2010.02.008

Van Soest P J, Robertson J B and Lewis B A. 1991. Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre, and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science 74: 3583–97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2