Effect of phyto additives and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on rumen ferementation and microbial profile in buffaloes
252 / 90
Keywords:
Buffalo, Microbial profile, Plant secondary metabolites, Rumen fermentationAbstract
To study the effect of plants containing plant secondary metabolites (PSM) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on rumen ferementation and microbial profile, four fistulated adult buffaloes were fed in 4×4 Latin square design. The four groups were, control, without additive; T1, mixture of harad seed pulp and garlic bulb (2% of DMI); T2, S. cerevisiae (350g feremented feed containing S. cerevisiae 106 /g); T3, mixture of harad seed pulp, garlic bulb and
S. cerevisiae. All the animals were fed on a basal diet consisting of wheat straw and concentrate mixture in 50:50 ratio. Daily DM intake was similar in all the four groups. Feeding of any of the dietary treatments did not affect rumen fluid pH, concentration of ammonia N and lactic acid. The total volatile fatty acids and its fractions except butyrate were also not influenced by supplementation of any of the additives. The activities of ruminal enzymes viz. carboxymethylcellulase, xylanase, avicelase and acetyl esterase were similar in all the four groups. The rumen microbial density of total bacteria, Ruminococcus flavefaciences, R. albus, methanogens and fungi were not changed whereas Fibrobacter succinogenes and protozoa populations were significantly reduced in T1 but were at par of control by inclusion of yeast in the diet. It is concluded that mixture of harad and garlic alone or in combination with yeast culture did not influence rumen fermentation however microbial profile (F. succinogenes and protozoa) was improved by feeding yeast as additive. The additives tested seem to have potential to alter rumen microbial ecology and can further be explored for its efficacy in improving the performance of the animals.
Downloads
References
Agarwal N, Kamra D N, Chatterjee P N, Kumar R and Chaudhary L C. 2008. In vitro methanogenesis, microbial profile and fermentation of green forages with buffalo rumen liquor as influenced by 2-bromoethanesulphonic acid. Asian- Australasian Journal of Animal Science 21: 818–23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2008.70336
Agarwal N, Agarwal I, Kamra D N and Chaudhary L C. 2000. Diurnal variations in the activities of hydrolytic enzymes in the different fractions of rumen contents of Murrah buffalo. Journal of Applied Animal Resarch 18: 73–80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2000.9706325
Alexander G, Singh B, Sahoo A and Bhat T K. 2008. In vitro screening of plant extracts to enhance the efficiency of utilization of energy and nitrogen in ruminant diets. Animal Feed Scence and Technology 145: 229–44. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.05.036
Anantasook N, Wanapat M, Cherdthong A and Gunun P. 2013. Changes of microbial population in the rumen of dairy steers as influenced by plant containing tannins and saponins and roughage to concentrate ratio. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science 26: 1583–91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2013.13182
AOAC 1995. Official Methods of Analysis. 16th edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington,VA.
Barker S B and Summerson W H. 1941. The colorimetric determination of lactic acid in biological material. Journal of Biological Chemistry 138: 535. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)51379-X
Beauchemin K A and McGinn S M. 2006. Methane emissions from beef cattle: Effects of fumaric acid, essential oil and canola oil. Journal of Animal Science 84: 1489–96. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2527/2006.8461489x
Bermingham N A, Hassan B A, Wang V Y, Fernandez M, Banfi S, Bellen H J, Fritzsch B and Zoghbi H Y. 2001. Proprioceptor pathway development is dependent on MATH1. Neuron 30: 411–22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00305-1
Bhima B, Reddy Y R, Reddy S M, Pawani M and Rao V L. 2014. Effect of thermo-tolerant yeast on intake and nutrient digestibility’s in Murrah buffalo steers (Bubalus bubalis) fed straw based complete diet. Veterinary World 7: 501–04. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2014.501-504
Chaudhary L C, Sahoo A, Agarwal N, Karma D N and Pathak N N. 2008. Effect of direct fed microbials on nutrient utilization, rumen fermentation, immune and growth response in crossbred cattle calves. Indian Journal Animal Sciences 78: 516–21.
Corona L, Mendoza G D, Castrejon F A, Crosby M M and Cobos M A. 1999. Evaluation of two yeast cultures (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on ruminal fermentation and digestion in sheep fed a corn based strover diet. Small Ruminant Research 31: 209–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-4488(98)00146-1
Hristov A N, McAllister T A, Van Herk F H, Newbold C J and Cheng K J. 1999. Effect of Yucca schidigera on ruminal fermentation and nutrient digestion in heifer. Journal of Animal Science 77: 2554–63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2527/1999.7792554x
Huggins C and Lapides J. 1947. Acetyl esters of p-nitrophenol as substrate for the colorimetric determination of esterase. Journal of Biological Chemistry 170: 467–82. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(17)30829-3
ICAR. 2013. Nutrients Requirement for Livestock and Poultry. Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi.
Kamra D N, Chaudhary L C, Agarwal N, Singh R and Pathak N N. 2002. Growth performance, nutrient utilization, rumen fermentation and enzyme activities in calves fed on Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplemented diet. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 72: 472–75.
Kamra D N, Agarwal N and Chaudhary L C. 2006. Inhibition of ruminal methanogenesis by tropical plants containing secondary compounds. International Congress Series 1293: 156–63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ics.2006.02.002
Kowalik B, Skomial J, Pajak J J, Taciak M, Majewska M and Belzecki G. 2012. Population of ciliates, rumen fermentation indicators and biochemical parameters of blood serum in heifers fed diets supplemented with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) preparation. Animal Science Papers and Reports 30: 329–38.
Kumar R, Kamra D N, Agarwal N, Chaudhary L C and Zadbuke S. 2011. Effect of tree leaves containing plant secondary metabolites on in vitro methanogenesis and fermentation of feed with buffalo rumen liquor. Animal Nutrition Feed Technology 11: 103–14.
Kumar R, Kamra D N, Agarwal N and Chaudhary L C. 2011. Effect of feeding a mixture of plants containing secondary metabolites and peppermint oil on rumen fermentation, microbial profile and nutrient utilization in buffaloes. Indian Journal of Animal Science 81: 488–92.
Patra A K, Kamra D N and Agarwal N. 2006. Effect of plant extracts on in vitro methanogenesis enzyme activities and fermentation of feed in the rumen liquor of buffalo. Animal Feed Science and Technology 128: 276–91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.11.001
Patra A K, Kamra D N, Bhar R, Kumar R and Agarwal N. 2011. Effect of Terminalia chebula and Allium sativum on in vivo methane emission by sheep. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 95: 187–91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0396.2010.01039.x
Ritalahti K M, Amos B K, Sung Y, Wu Q, Koenigsberg S S and Löffler F E. 2006. Quantitative PCR targeting 16S rRNA and reductive dehalogenase genes simultaneously monitors multiple Dehalococcoides strains. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72: 2765–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.72.4.2765-2774.2006
Sallam S M A, Bueno I C S, Brigide P, Godoy P B, Vitti D M S S and Abdalla A L. 2009. Efficacy of eucalyptus oil on in vitro rumen fermentation and methane production. Options Mediterraneennes 85: 267–72.
Santos B, Mwenyaa B, Sara C, Gamoa Y, Kobayashia T, Morikawaa R, Kimurab K, Mizukoshib H and Takahashi J. 2004. Effects of supplementing galacto-oligosaccharides, Yucca schidigera or nisin on rumen methanogenesis, nitrogen and energy metabolism in sheep. Livestock Production.Science 91: 209–17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2004.08.004
SPSS. 1995. Statistical Packages for Social Sciences. Version 7.5. SPSS Inc., IL, USA.
Thao N T, Wanapat M, Cherdthong A and Kang S. 2014. Effects of Eucalyptus crude oils supplementation on rumen fermentation, microorganism and nutrient digestibility in swamp buffaloes Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science 27: 46–54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2013.13301
Wallace R J. 2004. Antimicrobial properties of plant secondary metabolites. Proceedings of Nutrition Society 63: 621–29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1079/PNS2004393
Wanapat M, Kang S, Khejornsart P and Wanapat S. 2013. Effects of plant herb combination supplementation on rumen fermentation and nutrient digestibility in beef cattle. Asian- Australasian Journal of Animal Science 26: 1127–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2013.13013
Wheatherburn M W. 1967. Phenol-hypochlorite reaction for determination of ammonia. Analytical Chemistry 39: 971–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60252a045
Yang W Z, Benchaar C, Ametaj B N, Chaves A V, He M L and McAlliste, T A. 2007. Effects of garlic and juniper berry essential oil on ruminal fermentation and on the site and extent of digestion in lactating cows. Journal of Dairy Science 90: 5671–81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0369
Downloads
Submitted
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2016 The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The copyright of the articles published in The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences is vested with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, which reserves the right to enter into any agreement with any organization in India or abroad, for reprography, photocopying, storage and dissemination of information. The Council has no objection to using the material, provided the information is not being utilized for commercial purposes and wherever the information is being used, proper credit is given to ICAR.