Enhancing clinical recovery of bovine tropical theileriosis by use of antioxidant supportive therapy

ASHWANI KUMAR; N K RAKHA; MEENAKSHI VIRMANI

doi:10.56093/ijans.v86i5.58444

Authors

ASHWANI KUMAR GS Hospital, DLF Phase-3, Gurgaon
N K RAKHA GS Hospital, DLF Phase-3, Gurgaon
MEENAKSHI VIRMANI Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana 125 004 India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v86i5.58444

Keywords:

Anaemia, Ascorbic acid, Bovine tropical theileriosis, Glutathione peroxidase, Lipid peroxidation, Malondialdehyde, Oxidative stress, Piroplasm, Schizont, Superoxide dismutase, Theileria annulata

Abstract

The present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that oxidative stress plays important role in pathogenesis of bovine tropical theileriosis and the oxidative stress may be mitigated by supportive therapy with anti-oxidants, hastening recovery process from diseased to normal status. Animals (20) clinically infected with bovine tropical theileriosis were divided into 2 groups of 10 animals each and 6 healthy (uninfected) animals were kept as control. Group A animals were treated with buparvaquone alone and group B animals were treated with buparvaquone along with ascorbic acid. These groups were further subdivided into subgroups A₁, A₂ and B₁, B₂ as per schizont and piroplasm stage of disease. All infected animals harboured either schizonts or piroplasms of T. annulata and showed high grade fever, anaemia, inappetence and enlarged superficial lymph nodes. Significant decrease in level of haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), total erythrocytes count (TEC) and total leucocytes count (TLC) along with lymphocytopenia was observed in infected animals. Treatment of diseased animals with theilericidal drug (buparvaquone) led to disappearance of the clinical symptoms, elimination of parasite population and recovery in hematocrit values. However, recovery was significantly better in animals of group B as compared to group A. Oxidative stress was detected by measuring level of lipid peroxidation [malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration] and antioxidant enzymes viz. glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in plasma of infected animals before and after treatment. There was development of oxidative stress in the animals as confirmed by significant increase in plasma MDA, increased activity of GPx and SOD enzymes as compared to corresponding values estimated in plasma of healthy animals. Ascorbic acid was found better in treating clinical cases of bovine tropical theileriosis. However, addition of antioxidant (ascorbic acid) further hastened the recovery process.

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