Dietary supplementation of delta-aminolevulinic acid to lactating sows improves growth performance and concentration of iron and hemoglobin of suckling piglets

S I LEE; T S LI; I H KIM

doi:10.56093/ijans.v86i7.59923

Authors

S I LEE Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 330 714 Republic of Korea
T S LI Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 330 714 Republic of Korea
I H KIM Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 330 714 Republic of Korea

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v86i7.59923

Keywords:

Delta-aminolevulinic acid, Iron, Lactating sow, Suckling piglets

Abstract

To confirm whether dietary supplementation of delta-aminolevulinic acid (δ-ALA) to lactating sow improves iron concentration of suckling piglets, 24 gestating sows [(Yorkshire × Landrace), before 14–day of farrowing] and their litters were evaluated on growth performance, blood characteristics, and milk composition. Dietary treatments were as follows: (i) CON, corn-soybean meal based diet; (ii) CON + 0.05 % δ-ALA; and (iii) CON + 0.1 % δ-ALA. Lactating sows fed with δ-ALA had increased backfat thickness and decreased backfat thickness at weaning. Also, dietary supplementation of δ-ALA increased protein concentration in the milk of lactating sows (linear). In addition, lactating sows fed with δ-ALA had increased BW (linear), ADG (linear), iron (linear), and hemoglobin (linear) concentration in suckling piglets. Based on the results, we suggested that dietary supplementation of δ-ALA to lactating sows improved growth performance and concentration of iron and hemoglobin in blood of suckling piglets. Also, dietary supplementation of δ-ALA had positive effects on backfat thickness and protein concentration in milk of lactating sows.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Brown K R, Brown B M, Hoagland E, Mayne C L and Hegg E L. 2004. Heme A synthase does not incorporate molecular oxygen into the formyl group of heme A. Biochemistry 43: 8616–24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/bi049056m

Chen Y J, Kim I H, Cho J H, Min B J, Yoo J S and Wang Q. 2008a. Effect of δ-aminolevulinic acid on growth performance,

nutrient digestibility, blood parameters and the immune response of weanling pigs challenged with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide. Livestock Science 114: 108–16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2007.04.015

Chen Y J, Kim I H, Cho J H, Yoo J S, Kim H J and Shin S O. 2008b. Utilization of δ-aminolevulinic acid for livestock: Blood characteristics and immune organ weight in broilers. Journal of Animal Feed Science 17: 215–23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/66601/2008

Cho J H and Kim IH. 2011. δ-Aininolevulinic Acid (ALA) as a potential feed additive in pig: A review. Journal of Animal Veterinary Advances 10: 1627–31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/javaa.2011.1627.1631

Doering F, Walter J, Will J, Foecking M, Boll M, Amasheh S and Daniel H. 1998. Delta-aminolevulinic transport by mammalian peptide tansporters. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Journal 12: 2761–67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI1909

Hallberg L, Brune M and Rossander L. 1989. The role of vitamin C in iron absorption. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research Supplement 30: 103–08.

Hertrampf E and Olivares M. 2004. Iron amino acid chelates. International Journal of Vitamin Nutrition Research 74: 435– 43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831.74.6.435

Knight C D, Klasing K C and Forsyth D M. 1983. E. coli growth in serum of iron dextran-supplement pigs. Journal of Animal Science 57: 387–95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1983.572387x

Laftah A H, Simpson R J, Peters T J and Raja K B. 2008. The effect of haem biosynthesis inhibitors and inducers on intestinal iron absorption and liver haem biosynthetic enzyme activities. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 229: 273–80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2008.01.027

Mateo R D, Morrow J L, Dailey J W, Ji F and Kim S W. 2006. Use of δ-aminolevulinic acid in swine diet: Effect on growth performance, behavioral characteristics and hematological/ immune status in nursery pigs. Asian Australasian Journal of DOI: https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2006.97

Animal Science 19: 97–101.

Min B J, Hong J W, Kwon O S, Kang D K and Kim I H. 2004. Influence of dietary δ-aminolevulinic acid supplement on growth performance and hematological changes in weaned pigs. Korean Society of Food Science Nutrition 33: 1606–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2004.33.10.1606

NRC.2012. Nutrient Requirements of Swine.11th edn. National Academy Press, Washington DC, USA.

Peters J C and Mahan D C. 2008. Effects of neonatal iron status, iron injections at birth, and weaning in young pigs from sows fed either organic or inorganic trace minerals. Journal of Animal Science 86: 2261–69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2007-0577

Veum T L, Gallo J T, Pond W G and Van Vleck L D. 1965. Effect of ferrous fumarate in the lactation diet on sow milk iron, pig hemoglobin and weight gain. Journal of Animal Science 24: 1169–73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1965.2441169x

Wang J P, Kim H J, Chen Y J, Yoo J S, Cho J H, Kang D K, Hyun Y and Kim I H. 2009. Effects of delta-aminolevulinic acid and vitamin C supplementation on feed intake, backfat, and iron status in sows. Journal of Animal Science 87: 3589–95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2008-1489

Wang J P and Kim I H. 2012. Effects of iron injection at birth on neonatal iron status in young pigs from first-parity sows fed delta-aminolevulinic acid. Animal Feed Science and Technology 178: 151–57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.08.011

Wang J P, Lee J H, Jang H D, Yan L, Cho J H and Kim I H. 2011a. Effects of δ-aminolevulinic acid and vitamin C supplementation on iron status, production performance, blood characteristics and egg quality of laying hens. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 95: 417–23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0396.2010.01067.x

Wang J P, Yan L, Lee J H, Zhou T X and Kim I H. 2011b. Effects of dietary delta-aminolevulinic acid and vitamin C on growth performance, immune organ weight and ferrum status in broiler chicks. Livestock Science 135: 148–52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2010.06.161

Yan L and Kim I H. 2011. Evaluation of dietary supplementation of delta-aminolevulinic acid and chitooligosaccharide on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, and fecal microbial shedding in weaned pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology 169: 275–80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.06.017

Yu B, Huang W J and Chiou P WS. 2000. Bioavailability of iron from amino acid complex in weanling pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology 86: 39–52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(00)00154-1

Zhu Y, Hon T, Ye W and Zhang L. 2002. Heme deficiency interferes with the Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway and expression of a subset of neuronal genes. Cell Growth Difference 13: 431–39.