Pag gene based phylogenic characterization of Bacillus anthracis from sheep

B M CHANDRANAIK; CHARRISE R D’SOUZA; BIRADAR RAJASHEKAR; V SREEVATSAVA; B P SHIVASHANKAR; POOJAPPA NANDINI; AMITHA REENA GOMES; P GIRIDHAR; S M BYREGOWDA

doi:10.56093/ijans.v87i1.66823

Authors

B M CHANDRANAIK Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 024 India
CHARRISE R D’SOUZA Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 024 India
BIRADAR RAJASHEKAR Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 024 India
V SREEVATSAVA Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 024 India
B P SHIVASHANKAR Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 024 India
POOJAPPA NANDINI Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 024 India
AMITHA REENA GOMES Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 024 India
P GIRIDHAR Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 024 India
S M BYREGOWDA Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 024 India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v87i1.66823

Keywords:

Anthrax, pag gene, PCR, pXO1 plasmid, Sheep

Abstract

We report the protective antigen gene based molecular epidemiology of a massive anthrax outbreak in sheep that killed over 100 sheep. The outbreak was unique since the use of higher antibiotics immediately after the live anthrax vaccine had facilitated wide spread of the disease and unscientific disposal of carcasses had precipitated the disease magnitude. B. anthracis was isolated from ear blood samples collected from dead sheep. The isolates were non-motile, non-hemolytic and were pathogenic to mice. Gene coding for the toxic factor 'protective antigen' was targeted for PCR amplification as per WHO and OIE protocols. Sequencing of nucleotides on the conserved pag gene showed that the B. anthracis isolated during this study shared a sequence identity of more than 99.9% with B. anthracis isolates from different species, including human beings. The phylogeny demonstrated the genetic stability of the immunologically protective pag gene across species.

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