Microsatellite analysis generates hope for sustainability of two dwindling camel populations of Rajasthan
267 / 126
Authors
-
REKHA SHARMA
Principal Scientist, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132 001 India
-
HIMANI SHARMA
Principal Scientist, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132 001 India
-
PRIYANKA SHARMA
Senior Research Fellow, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132 001 India
-
SONIKA AHLAWAT
Senior Scientist, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132 001 India
-
S C MEHTA
Principal Scientist, ICAR-National Research Center on Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
-
M S TANTIA
Principal Scientist, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132 001 India
Keywords:
Bottleneck, Genetic diversity, India, Jalori, Mewari, Microsatellite, PolymorphismAbstract
The declining camel population in the country is a matter of major concern for the conservation biologist, policy makers and the state governments. In the present study, diversity status of two declining camel populations of India, viz. Mewari and Jalori was established using 25 microsatellite markers. Analysis of genotype data showed that sufficient amount of genetic variation is maintained in these camel populations. A total of 174 alleles were detected in Mewari and 155 in Jalori camel. Highest number of alleles (17) was observed at CMS58 locus in Mewari and CVRL01 and YWLL08 in Jalori camel. The mean observed number and effective number of alleles across all the loci was 9.67±0.94, 4.52±0.46 and 8.61±0.86, 4.41±0.46 for Mewari and Jalori, respectively. Difference in the observed and expected number of alleles in both the populations suggested presence of several low frequency alleles in these populations. In accordance with high allelic diversity, estimate of observed heterozygosity (Ho) was also high (0.68±0.04 and 0.71±0.04 for Mewari and Jalori, respectively). Nine loci in Mewari and 10 in Jalori deviated from HWE. Observed and expected heterozygosity were of similar magnitude and correspondingly FIS analysis identified no significant heterozygote deficiency. Both the populations did not suffer from any recent genetic bottleneck. Distinctness of two populations was supported by the observation that all the Jalori and Mewari animals except one were assigned to their own populations. Bayesian approach also concluded that the two populations were distinct. Abundant genetic variation maintained in these camel populations provides important inputs for the decision-making process regarding their conservation and improvement.
Downloads
References
th Livestock Census. All India Report 2012. Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi.
Cornuet J M and Luikart G. 1996. Description and power analysis of two tests for detecting recent population bottlenecks from allele frequency data. Genetics 144: 2000–2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/144.4.2001
Eltanany M, Elfarougn Sidahmed O and Dist O. 2015. Assessment of genetic diversity and differentiation of two major camel ecotypes (Camelus dromedarius) in Sudan using microsatellite markers. Archives Animal Breeding 58: 269–75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-269-2015
Kahilainen A, Puurtinen M and Kotiaho J S. 2014. Conservation implications of species–genetic diversity correlations. Global Ecology and Conservation 2: 315–23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2014.10.013
Karima F M, Hassan A I R, Sekena H A, Mohamed A M and Dalia M H. 2011. Genetic variations between camel breeds using microsatellite markers and RAPD techniques. Journal of Applied Biosciences 39: 2626–34.
Lanfear R, Kokko H and Eyre-Walker A. 2014. Population size and the rate of evolution. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 29: 33–41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2013.09.009
Luikart G and Cornuet J M. 1998. Empirical evaluation of a test for identifying recently bottlenecked population form allele frequency data. Conservation Biology 12: 228–37. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1998.96388.x
Luikart G, Allendorf F W, Cornuet J M and Sherwin W B. 1998. Distortion of allele frequency distributions provides a test for recent population bottlenecks. Journal of Heredity 89: 238– 47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/89.3.238
Mahmoud A H, Alshaikh M A, Aljumaah R H and Mohammed O B. 2012. Genetic variability of camel (Camelus dromedarius) populations in Saudi Arabia based on microsatellites analysis. African Journal of Biotechnology 11(51): 11173–80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB12.1081
Mahmoud A H, AlShaikh M A, Aljummah R S and Mohammed O B. 2013. Genetic characterization of Majaheem camel population in Saudi Arabia based on microsatellite markers. Research Journal of Biotechnology 8: 26–30.
Mehta S C. 2014. Genetic and demographic bottleneck analysis of Indian camel breeds by microsatellite markers. Tropical Animal Health and Production 46: 1397–1406. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-014-0653-y
Mehta S C and Dahiya S S. 2017. Characterization of Mewari and Jalori camel. Final report submitted at ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal.
Mehta S C, Bissa U K, Patil N V and Pathak K M L. 2011. Importance of camel milk and production potential of dromedary breeds. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 81: 1173–77.
NBAGR. 2016. ICAR–National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources. Available at http://www.nbagr.res.in/ regcamel.html. Accessed on 18th December 2016.
Nolte M, Kotze A, Vendor Bank F H and Grobler J P. 2005. Microsatellite markers reveal low genetic differentiation among Southern African Camelus dromedarius population. South African Society for Animal Science 35: 152–61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v35i3.4054
Ould Ahmed M, Ben Salem F, Bedhiaf S and Djemali M. 2010. Genetic diversity in Tunisian dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) populations using microsatellite markers. Livestock Science 132: 182–85. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2010.05.016
Peakall R and Smouse P E. 2006. GENALEX 6: Genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research. Molecular Ecology Notes 6: 288–95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2005.01155.x
Pritchard J K. 2009. STRUCTURE Software Ver 2.3.3. Retrieved from: http://pritch.bsd.uchicago.edu/ structure.html.
Rosenberg A N. 2004. DISTRUCT: A program for the graphical display of population structure. Molecular Ecology Notes 4: 137–38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-8286.2003.00566.x
Saini N and Singh G P. 2006. Effect of weaning on growth performance of camel calves. Indian Journal of Dairy Sciences 59(5): 344–48.
Sambrook J, Fritsch E F and Maniatis P. 1989. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbour, New York.
Sheriff O and Alemayehu A. 2018. Genetic diversity studies using microsatellite markers and their contribution in supporting sustainable sheep breeding programs: A review. Cogent Food and Agriculture 4: 1459062. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2018.1459062
Spencer P B S and Woolnough A P. 2010. Assessment and genetic characterization of Australian camels using microsatellite polymorphism. Livestock Science 129: 241–45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2010.01.006
Vijh R K, Tantia M S, Mishra B and Baharani Kumar S T. 2007. Genetic diversity and differentiation of Dromedarian camel of India. Animal Biotechnology 18: 81–90. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10495390600648741
Weir B S and Cockerham C C. 1984. Estimating F-statistics for the analysis of population structure. Evolution 38: 1358–70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1984.tb05657.x
Xiaohong H, Xiuli H, Weijun G, Kechuan T, Wenbin Z and Yuehui M. 2012. Genetic variability and relationship of 10 Bactrian camel populations revealed by microsatellite markers. Biodiversity Science 20: 199–206. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.08159
Downloads
Submitted
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The copyright of the articles published in The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences is vested with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, which reserves the right to enter into any agreement with any organization in India or abroad, for reprography, photocopying, storage and dissemination of information. The Council has no objection to using the material, provided the information is not being utilized for commercial purposes and wherever the information is being used, proper credit is given to ICAR.
How to Cite
