Evaluating potential of wheat varieties at different phenological stages for silage production

JASPAL SINGH HUNDAL; MANJU WADHWA; NAVJOT SINGH BRAR; BALWINDER KUMAR

doi:10.56093/ijans.v90i2.98818

Authors

JASPAL SINGH HUNDAL Nutritionist, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141 004 India
MANJU WADHWA Former Head, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141 004 India
NAVJOT SINGH BRAR Assistant Professor, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141 004 India
BALWINDER KUMAR Deputy Director (T), KVK, Booh, Tarntaran, Punjab

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v90i2.98818

Keywords:

Harvest stage, Silage quality, Wheat variety

Abstract

This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of variety, harvest stage and their interactions on nutritive profile, feed values and in vitro fermentation characteristics of whole crop wheat silage under Indian climate. Four wheat cultivars, sown in randomized block design with 3 replications, were harvested at the head and the milk stage and ensiled in low density polypropylene for 45 days. Results revealed significant effects of wheat cultivar, the harvest stage and its interaction on nutritive profile (CP, NDF, ADF, ADL), feed values (DM intake, Digestible DM, TDN, RFV, Flieg Score), in vitro potential (NGP, ME, OM digestibility) and fermentation characteristics (pH, lactic acid, ammonical nitrogen) while the variety affected acetic acid, harvest stage NDF digestibility and variety × harvest interaction effected butyric acid significantly. All wheat cultivars exhibited good ensiling characteristics at both phenological stages. However, the lowest ADF content and highest CP, digestible DM, RFV, NE_l values and Flieg Score indicated the variety PBW 725 at head stage as most promising for silage production under Indian conditions.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

AOAC. 2007. Official Methods of Analysis. 18th Edition. Association of Analytical Chemists, Gaitherburg, Arlington, VA.

Ashbell G, Theune H H and Sklan D J. 1985. Ensiling whole wheat at various maturation stages: Changes in nutritive ingredients during maturation and ensiling and upon aerobic exposure. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 33: 1– 4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00061a001

Barker S B and Summerson W H. 1941. The colorimetric determination of lactic acid in biological material. Journal of Biology and Chemistry 138: 535–54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)51379-X

Borreani G, Tabacco E, Schmidt R J, Holmes B J and Muck R E. 2018. Silage review: Factors affecting dry matter and quality losses in silages. Journal of Dairy Science 101: 3952–79. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-13837

Cherney J H and Marten G C. 1982. Small grain crop forage potential: I. Biological and chemical determinants of quality and yield. Crop Science 22: 227–31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1982.0011183X002200020007x

Crovetto G M, Galassi G, Rapetti L, Sandrucci A and Tamburini A. 1998. Effects of stage of maturity on nutritive value of whole crop silage. Livestock Production Science 55: 21–32 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(98)00125-0

Filya I, Sucu E and Karabulut A. 2004. The effect of Propionibacterium acidipropionici, with or without Lactobacillus plantarum, on the fermentation and aerobic stability of wheat, sorghum and maize silages. Journal of Applied Microbiology 97: 818–26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2004.02367.x

Filya I. 2003. The effect of Lactobacillus buchneri, with or without homofermentative lactic acid bacteria, on the fermentation, aerobic stability and ruminal degradability of wheat, sorghum and maize silages. Journal Applied Microbiology 95(5): 1080– 6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.02081.x

Heuze V, Tran G and Baumont R. 2015. Wheat forage. Feedipedia, a programme by INRA, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. 14:25 https:/ /www.feedipedia.org/node/363

IGFRI Vision 2050: Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India

Kilic A. 1986. Silo feed (Education, learning, application). Bilgehan Publisher, Barnoa.

Kilic U. 2010. Nutritive values of whole crop wheat hay and silage and effect of microbial inoculants on in vitro gas production. Journal Applied Research 37: 67–71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2010.9707096

Langston C W, Irvin H, Gordon C H, Bouma C, Wismani H G, Melin C G and Moore L A. 1958. Microbiology and Chemistry of Grass silage. Technical Bulletin 1187. Washington, USA.

McDonald P, Greenhalgh J, Edwards R A and Morgan C A. 2002. Animal Nutrition (6th Ed.). Pearson, Prentice Hall, Addison- Wesley Longman Ltd, England.

McDonald P, Henderson A and Heron S. 1991. The Biochemistry of Silage. 2nd edn. Chalcombe Publication, 13 Highwoods Drive, Marlow Bottom, Marlow, US.

Menke K H and Steingass H. 1988. Estimation of energetic feed value obtained by chemical analysis and in vitro gas production using rumen fluid. Animal Research and Development 28: 7– 55.

Moon N J, Eli L O and Sudweeks E M. 1981. Fermentation of wheat, corn and alfalfa silages inoculated with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Candida spp. at ensiling. Journal of Dairy Science 64: 807–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(81)82651-3

Muck R E. 2010. Silage additives and management issues. Proceedings of Idaho Alfalfa and Forage Conference, Best Western Burley Inn, Burley, Idaho, US. 1–17.

Nadeau E. 2007. Effects of plant species, stage of maturity and additive on the feeding value of whole crop cereal silage. Journal of Science and Agriculture 87: 789–801. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2773

Robertson J B and Van Soest P J. 1981. The detergent system of analysis and its application to human foods, pp. 123–58. The Analysis of Dietary Fiber in Foods. Eds. James W P T and Theander O J . Marcel Dekker Inc., New York.

Schroeder J W. 2004. Silage fermentation and preservation. NDSU Extension Service. North Dakota State University Fargo, North Dakota 58105.

SPSS. 2012. Statistical Packages for Social Sciences. Version 20, SPSS Inc., Illinois, USA.

Weinberg Z G, Chen Y and Solomon R. 2009. The quality of commercial wheat silages in Israel. Journal of Dairy Science 92: 638–34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2008-1120

Woolford G M, Bolsen K K and Pearl L A. 1982. Studies on aerobic deterioration of whole crop cereal silages. Journal of Agricultural Science 98: 529–35. 134 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600054290