CHARACTERIZATION OF VACCINE ASSOCIATED STRAINS OF GALLID ALPHAHERPESVIRUS1 CIRCULATING IN NAMAKKAL, TAMIL NADU

A. Elamurugan; P. Deepika; M. Madhanmohan; M. Thangapandiyan; R. Saahithya; N. Sweetline Anne; T.V. Meenambigai

doi:10.56093/ijvasr.v54i6.173093

Authors

A. Elamurugan Assistant Professor, Vaccine Research Centre-Viral Vaccines, Centre for Animal Health Studies, TANUVAS, Chennai - 600 051
P. Deepika Project Associate, Vaccine Research Centre-Viral Vaccines, Centre for Animal Health Studies, TANUVAS, Chennai - 600 051
M. Madhanmohan Assistant Professor, Vaccine Research Centre-Viral Vaccines, Centre for Animal Health Studies, TANUVAS, Chennai - 600 051
M. Thangapandiyan Professor, Poultry disease diagnosis and surveillance laboratory, Namakkal - 637 002
R. Saahithya Assistant Professor, Central University Laboratory, Centre for Animal Health Studies, TANUVAS, Chennai - 600 051
N. Sweetline Anne Assistant Professor, Vaccine Research Centre-Viral Vaccines, Centre for Animal Health Studies, TANUVAS, Chennai - 600 051
T.V. Meenambigai Professor and Head, Vaccine Research Centre-Viral Vaccines, Centre for Animal Health Studies, TANUVAS, Chennai - 600 051

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijvasr.v54i6.173093

Keywords:

Infectious laryngotracheitis, vaccine, poultry, gallid alphaherpesvirus1

Abstract

Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is an acute respiratory infection of poultry causing significant morbidity and mortality. Until recently, vaccines were not commercially available in India. Studies on molecular characterization of Gallid alphaherpesvirus1 (GaHV1) circulating in Tamil nadu revealed that the field strains are closely related to vaccine strains. In the present study, tracheal samples were collected from poultry suspected for ILT in the Namakkal region. Presence of GaHV1 infection was confirmed by PCR targeting ICP4 gene. Further, histopathological changes in the tracheal tissues were suggestive of ILT infection. Nucleotides of ICP4 gene were determined by Sanger sequencing, submitted to GenBank and accession numbers were obtained. Phylogenetic analysis of the ICP4 sequences revealed that the viruses circulating in the Namakkal region are related to Chicken Embryo Origin vaccine strains of GaHV1.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Bayoumi, M., El-Saied, M., Amer, H., Bastami, M., Sakr, E.E. and El-Mahdy, M. (2020). Molecular characterization and genetic diversity of the infectious laryngotracheitis virus strains circulating in Egypt during the outbreaks of 2018 and 2019. Archives of Virology, 165(3): 661–670.

Carnaccini, S., Palmieri, C., Stoute, S., Crispo, M. and Shivaprasad, H.L. (2022). Infectious laryngotracheitis of chickens: pathologic and immunohistochemistry findings. Veterinary Pathology, 59(1): 112–119.

Chacon, J.L., Mizuma, M.Y., Piantino Ferreira A.J. (2010). Characterization by restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analysis of field and vaccine strains of infectious laryngotracheitis virus involved in severe outbreaks. Avian Pathology, 39(6):425-433.

Elshafiee, E.A., Hassan, M.S.H., Provost, C., Gagnon, C.A., Ojkic, D. and Abdul-Careem, M.F. (2022). Comparative full genome sequence analysis of wild-type and chicken embryo origin vaccine-like infectious laryngotracheitis virus field isolates from Canada. Infection, Genetics and Evolution: Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases, 104: 105350.

Fakhri, O., Devlin, J.M., Browning, G.F., Coppo, M.J.C., Quinteros, J.A., Diaz-Méndez, A., Lee, S.W. and Hartley, C.A. (2020). Superinfection and recombination of infectious laryngotracheitis virus vaccines in the natural host. Vaccine, 38(47): 7508–7516.

García M. (2017). Current and future vaccines and vaccination strategies against infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) respiratory disease of poultry. Veterinary Microbiology, 206:157-162.

Gowthaman, V., Kumar, S., Koul, M., Dave, U., Murthy, T.R.G.K., Munuswamy, P., Tiwari, R., Karthik, K., Dhama, K., Michalak, I. and Joshi, S.K. (2020). Infectious laryngotracheitis: etiology, epidemiology, pathobiology, and advances in diagnosis and control - a comprehensive review. The Veterinary Quarterly, 40(1): 140–161.

Johnson, M. A., Tyack, S. G., Prideaux, C., Kongsuwan, K. and Sheppard, M. (1995). Nucleotide sequence of infectious laryngotracheitis virus (Gallid herpesvirus 1) ICP4 gene. Virus Research, 35(2): 193–204.

Piccirillo,A., Lavezzo, E., Niero, G., Moreno, A., Massi, P., Franchin, E., Toppo, S., Salata, C. and Palù, G. (2016). Full genome sequence-based comparative study of wild-type and vaccine strains of infectious Laryngotracheitis virus from Italy. PLoS One, 11: e0149529.

Ponnusamy, P., Sukumar, K., Raja, A., Saravanan, S., Srinivasan, P. and Thangavelu, A. (2022). Characterization of infectious laryngotracheitis virus isolates from laying hens during 2019-2020 outbreaks in Tamil Nadu, India. Archives of Virology, 167(9): 1819–1829.

Puvarajan,B.,Sukumar,K.,Balasubramaiam, G.A., Harikrishanan, T.J. and Johnson Rajeswar, J. (2017). Assertion and development of a polymerase chain reaction to detect conserved thymidine kinase gene of infectious laryngotracheitis virus from clinical outbreaks. International Journal of Science and Environmental Technology, 6:2700–2705.

Senthilnathan, G., Shoba, K., Meenambigai, T.V., Kumar A.K. and Senthil, N.R. (2024). Molecular detection and sequence analysis of envelope glycoproteins (gC, gD) and tegument protein (UL47) of infectious laryngotracheitis virus isolated from commercial poultry flocks in Tamil Nadu, India. International Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, 9(2S):165-170.

Sivaseelan, S., Rajan, T., Malmarugan, S., Balasubramaniam, G.A. and Madheswaran, R. (2014). Tissue tropism and pathobiology of infectious laryngotracheitis virus in natural cases of chickens. Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 69: 197-202.

Suvarna, K., Layton, C., Bancroft, J.D. (2017). Bancroft’s Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques. 8th ed. Churchill. Elsevier Health Sciences. 584 p.

WOAH, (2021). https://www.woah. org/file admin/Home/eng/Health_ standards/tahm/3.03.03_ AVIAN_ INF_LARYNGO.pdf