Bhat (Black soybean):A sustainable choice for hill farming

Abstract

Bhat, a legume crop, is cultivated in the hill regions of Uttarakhand under organic conditions. It thrives well in high-altitude, nutrient-poor soils and has become a staple in the local diet due to its nutritional benefits. Bhat is particularly nutrient-dense, containing sufficient amounts of protein, fat, carbohydrates, dietary fibre, and minerals. The trend analysis of Bhat crop performance in Uttarakhand shows that its production has increased by 3.25%, driven by both an increase in cultivated area (2.08%) and yield (1.02%) over the past 15 years. This steady growth reflects both farmer and consumer preference for Bhat and its sustainability amidst changing climate. The trend analysis revealed better growth and stability of Bhat in Kumaon region in comparison to Garhwal. To ensure sustainable production of Bhat in the future, it is essential to promote the latest varieties (VL Bhat 201 and VL Bhat 202) and scientific management practices among farmers and increase consumer awareness to support nutritional and economic security.