Transforming arid lands into profit Dryland horticulture insights

Abstract

Dryland horticulture offers a transformative approach to horticulture in arid and semi-arid regions, addressing the challenges of water scarcity, poor soil, and climate variability. By leveraging drought-tolerant crops, efficient water management techniques like drip irrigation and rainwater harvesting, in addition to sustainable practices, this approach enables the cultivation of diverse fruits, vegetables, and medicinal crops under limited water conditions. Dryland horticulture enhances food security, promotes farmer income, and fosters resilience against climate change through agroforestry, crop diversification, and climate-smart crop selection. Successful examples from India's drylands underscore the potential of this method to boost economic stability and local biodiversity while supporting environmental sustainability. Government initiatives and research are pivotal in overcoming challenges, expanding access to resources, and mitigating risks for farmers. With further investment and support, dryland horticulture could transform arid landscapes into productive hubs, offering sustainable solutions to global food and water demands.