Integrated crop management technology for resilient agri-food systems and environmental stewardship

Abstract

Agriculture contributes ~16% to India’s GDP and sustains nearly half of its population, making it central to food security and rural livelihoods. The Green Revolution enhanced self-reliance in foodgrains production and drove growth through scientific and policy interventions. However, conventional practices have degraded soil health, water resources, and biodiversity while reducing factor productivity and resource use efficiency. Challenges include groundwater decline, soil organic matter loss, pest and disease resurgence, pesticide residues, and herbicide resistance. Coupled with socio-economic shifts such as urbanization, labour migration, and changing diets, these issues necessitate climate-resilient, resource-efficient, and sustainable agricultural approaches.