Livelihood improvement of rural farmers through pond based integrated farming system model in Meghalaya

Abstract

The pond based integrated farming system model is an effective strategy for sustainable agriculture, promoting the integration of various farming activities. In northeast India, where smallholder farmers are prevalent, this model offers numerous benefits and has shown to increase system productivity by 7.5 times and profitability by 8.5 times compared to traditional farming practices. In addition,
the model generates significant returns, with a total benefit-cost ratio of 2.70. Furthermore, this system contributes to environmental sustainability by improving soil fertility through agroforestry and enhancing water use efficiency with rainwater harvesting in farm ponds. The integration of livestock also helps recycle organic matter, reducing the need for external chemical inputs. Despite its benefits, the adoption of pond-based IFS faces challenges such as limited technical knowledge (80% of farmers), high input costs (70%), and marketing constraints like low product prices and transportation costs. However, the potential benefits of pond based IFS, particularly in terms of increased profitability, climate resilience, and resource efficiency, highlighting its importance for sustainable agricultural development in the region. Strengthening support systems, improving infrastructure, and enhancing farmers’ knowledge will be the key to unlocking the full potential of this model in northeast India.