Activity of extracts of Synzium aromaticum against microbes of veterinary importance

Abstract

The study was conducted with the objective to evaluate the antibacterial as well as antiviral activity of the aqueous and alcoholic extracts and oil of the flower buds of clove against the microbes responsible for causing diseases in poultry and livestock. The aqueous and alcoholic extracts of dried flower buds of clove were obtained by extraction in soxhlet apparatus using water and ethanol (95%) as solvents respectively. Oil was obtained from the clove flower buds by steam distillation. Both the extracts and oil were assessed for their antibacterial activity against Streptococcus zooepidemicus, Salmonella Gallinarum, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pasteurella multocida while antiviral activity was tested against equine herpes virus – I (EHV I) and infectious bursal disease (IBD) virus. The extracts as well as oil were effective against the bacteria tested with zone of inhibition ranging from 11.67±0.33 to 24.00±0.00 mm. The Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for the extracts ranged from 0.75 to 4.00 mg/ml. Clove was also found to have potent antiviral activity against EHV–1 up to 104TCID50/ml, while IBD virus was found to be resistant to the clove extracts.