Camel husbandry practices followed by Raika pastoralists under semi-intensive system in Bikaner district of Rajasthan

Abstract

Camel husbandry practices among 60 selected Raika pastoral families in 4 villages of Bikaner district of Rajasthan were studied. Most of the Raikas were utilizing traditional tools and techniques in camel management and keeps their camels in semi-intensive system. Their camel management practices were unique under severe drought and harsh climatic conditions. Feeding system comprised locally grown leguminous fodder crops (morh chara, muffali chara and guar phalgati) as common roughages, while concentrates and salt were offered in low quantities than the scientific recommendations. Raika pastoralists were well versed with camel breeding practices and preferred natural service for 'breeding over the artificial insemination. Camels in the region are kept in the open areas irrespective of the season, however, they were protected in the extreme winter. They preferred traditional system of treatment for camel health care over the veterinary doctors. Camel husbandry was an important source of income among all families. Marketing of camel was the major trade to earn/generate money along pastoralists. Generally adult male camels were sold after the age of 5 years. Raikas never sell either the camel milk or products. It was mostly consumed at home as such or after preparing kheer, otherwise it was supplied to the neighbours or hospitals for patients at free of cost.