Organic farming and the SDGs: Pathways tosustainable agriculture in India

Abstract

Organic farming has emerged as a global trend in sustainable agriculture, offering pathways to healthier food systems, environmental protection, and rural prosperity. India, with the world’s largest number of organic farmers and a steadily expanding certified area, is uniquely positioned to lead this transformation. This article discusses the trajectory of organic farming in India and worldwide, highlighting its role in advancing sustainable development and its strong linkage with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). While organic agriculture acts as a multi-SDG accelerator, challenges such as cost competitiveness, perishability, pest management, and knowledge intensity continue to limit its scalability. The article critically provides both the promise and the constraints of organic systems. Further, overcoming these hurdles through unified certification standards, farmer training, digital traceability, and supportive policy frameworks is essential.