STATUS OF REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS IN BOVINE OF HIMACHAL PRADESH

Abstract

The present study was carried out to find out reproductive disorders in bovine under village condition in Himachal Pradesh state. A total of 540 livestock owners constitute the ultimate sample from twelve veterinary hospitals and thirty six villages for the study. The sampling scheme followed in the present study is Stratified three-stage random sampling. The overall morbidity rate due to reproductive disorders was 13.46%. The morbidity rate was highest for repeat breeding, 10.57% followed by abortions and prolapse each 1.32% and retained placenta 0.25%. Out of early, mid and late abortions the cases of late abortions (>6 month) 0.91% were more than mid abortion (3-6 month) 0.33% and early abortion (1-3 month) 0.08%.The cause of mortality 0.25%, was found only in case of retained placenta. Overall morbidity rate due to reproductive disorders were greater in zone 1 (6.11%) followed by zone 4 (2.89%), zone 2 (2.39%) and zone 3 (2.06%). An overall case of all reproductive disorders increases with increase in parity. The Z- test among parity groups showed significant difference (p<0.05) between 1^st & 4^th, 2^nd & 4^th and 3^rd &4^th parity. The overall morbidity rates (5.20%) due to reproductive disorders were greater in fourth parity. Reproductive diseases are major problem that affecting bovine under village condition, though they are recorded only in female.